364 



side to a fieshy horn) v. supmstigmalis^ i\ prostigmalis^ 

 two s. poststiginales^ some s. basales. 



The caudal horn has in this case taken origin from v. snbdorsalis^ 

 in the Sphingidae on the contrary from i\ dorsalis, this is a mor- 

 phological proof of the faet that these horns are not homologous. 



Family Brephidae. Fracker (1915, p. 101) ranges Brepho)^ etc. 

 with the Geometridae. The presence of the first three pairs of 

 ventral legs, even if they have become rudimentary, seems to 

 me to be of sufficiënt importance to make this group a family apart. 



Family Epiplemidae. Fracker (1915, p. 100) gives a normal 

 setal type, with the s. poststig mal is and s. in f rasiig malis T^lsLcedclosa 

 together on some segments. 



Family Geometridae. Fracker (1915) only says that this family 

 of the loopers or inch-worms differs very much in armature, setae 

 etc. In the coll. Kall. there are only full-grow^n specimens (e. g. 

 Ahraxas grossuia riat(f^ AnipJiidasis betularia), to my regret, as I 

 sliould like to examine first instars. 



The setae are placed on the mesothorax and metathorax accor- 

 ding to type II, on the abdomen according to type I. There is, 

 however, a s. subdorsalis inferior and s. suprastigmalis is placed 

 a little more caudal than usually. 



Family Cginatophoridae. Spuler figures these caterpillars as quite 

 naked, but probably small setae are present. Fracker (1915) unites 

 the three following families, founded on the investigations of 

 BuscK and Walsingham, to the PYR ALOID series of the MICRO- 

 LEPIDOPTERA-NONACULEATA ; IIandlirscii (1908) on the 

 other hand puts these families just in front of the Thyrididae 

 and Hesperidae^ as the nearest relatives of the PapilioHidae s. 1. 



I think that the verrucae which do not occur in other Micro- 

 lepidoptera^ point to a considerable diffcrence, though I must 

 acknowledge that in several families verrucae arise from setae. 



Family Pyralidae. 



Dyar (1894) described the Pyralidina as Generalized Frenatae 

 w^ith the tubercula IV and V (i. e. s. poststig malis and s. inf ra- 

 stigmalis) approximated and single haired. 



