138 Transactions. — Miscellaneous. 



which to the tmie of his last illness I had great pleasure in 

 being associated with him — that was, in the establishment of 

 scientific scholarships of £150 a year in almost every college 

 a*nd university, not only in the United Kingdom, but in the 

 Empire of India, and throughout all our colonies. That was 

 a subject very dear to Professor Huxley's heart. . . . He 

 was a much-valued adviser in all matters relating to the 

 establishment of these scholarships. They are all research 

 scholarships, and are now exercising a benign and important 

 influence over the science education of our great empire." 



And our old, well-known, and staunch New Zealand friend, 

 Sir J. D. Hooker (chairman of the provisional committee), in 

 moving the second resolution, said, " We both entered the 

 public service as assistant-surgeons and volunteer naturalists 

 in the royal navy. Before Professor Huxley went out in the 

 " Kattlesnake " the choice lay between us for the appointment 

 to that vessel, and, fortunately, the choice fell upon him. Im- 

 mediately upon his return a strong friendship sprang up be- 

 tween us, which has lasted forty-five years, throughout which 

 he has been one of my staunchest and firmest friends. This 

 friendship has affected me through life, and I owe a great deal 

 of my success in scientific life to the advice, the stimulus, and 

 the example which Professor Huxley set me during a long 

 career." 



Here must end my quotations. I believe that circulars 

 respecting this great national movement have been sent to 

 some of the members of this Institute, and to several other 

 residents here in Napier and Hawke's Bay, by Professor T. J. 

 Pai-ker, F.E.S., of Dunedin, which is another good reason for 

 my briugmg this subject before you. 



The second name is another of literally world-wide fame — 

 Louis Pasteur, who passed away from us in September, 1895. 

 Fifty years ago, before he entered on his grand biological work, 

 Pasteur made a discovery of first-rate importance in physics 

 and chemistry — the formation of crystals. For ten years he 

 was chiefly occupied with researches related to the subject of 

 that great discovery. Near the end of 1857 he entered on the 

 line of research to which he devoted the rest of his life, and by 

 which he conferred untold benefits on humanity and the lower 

 animals. Helmholtz had in an earlier work proved almost to 

 a certainty " that the actual presence of a living creature 

 [" vibrio," as he called it ; " bacterium," as we more commonly 

 call it now] is necessary for either fermentation or putrefac- 

 tion." Pasteur gave complete demonstration of that conclu- 

 sion, and early expanded it to vast and previously undreamt- 

 of extensions of its application. From Pasteur's discoveries, 

 Lister was led to work out the principles of antiseptic surgery, 

 tha practice of which he commenced in the Glasgow Eoyal 



