PHYSICAL ETHNOLOGY. 



251 



a well-proportioned, .symmetrical skull, unaltered by any artificial appliances, 

 and will be observed to present the most striking typical contrast, if compared 

 with an unaltered juvenile skull of the brachyceplialic type from the Peruvian 

 cemetery of >Santa, engraved in the Crania Americana, Plate vii. The other 

 elongated skull, exhibited in Figure 4, is manifestly of the same elongated type 

 as Figure 3, but considerably altered by 'compression. The forehead is de- 

 pressed, and the frontal suture remains open. It is that of a child of about five 

 years of age ; so that both examples arc long past the age when the form of the 

 head admits of material alteration by artificial means. 



A 



Wmm. 





I U 



i \ 



Fig.lr^ 



The following measurements give the comparative proportions of the normal 

 and abnormal slaiUs figured above ; and of two other children's skulls, in the 

 Morton collection, figured in the Crania Americana, Plates ii and vii. They 

 are marked, A, normal child's skull ; B, abnormal do. ; C and JD, the Atacama 

 and Santa skulls of the Crania Americana : 



A. B. C. D. 



Longitudinal diameter Q>.Q) 6.1 6,9 5.4 



Parietal diameter 4.6 4.4 4.5 5.4 



Frontal diameter 3.3 3.1 3.7 4. 



Vertical diameter 4.8 ? 4.3 ? 4.3 4.6 



From observations carried on in the cemeteries of Peru, Mr. Blake was led 

 to the conclusion that the distinguishing traits thus far noted between two 

 classes of the ancient Peruvians are not limited to the crania, but may be dis- 

 cerned in other traces of their physical organization. In describing those of the 

 rounded or brachyceplialic type of cranium, he adds : " The bones of the latter 

 struck me as larger, h(;avier, and less rounded than those of the former, (the 



