﻿142 LEPIDOPTERA INDICA. 



in some more or less slightly scalloped. JSindwings short, generally broad and 

 triangularly-ovate, in some obovate ; exterior margin more or less slightly scalloped. 



Caterpillar. — Head cleft, or serrate, on vertex ; body either unequally humped 

 dorsally, or more or less cylindrical ; armed with two subdorsal more or less 

 incomplete series of mostly short, irregular-shaped fleshy branched-spines. 



Chrysalis. — Somewhat elongate, or short ; with projecting wing-cases, broad 

 rounded elevated anterio-dorsal prominence, arched thorax, and projected bifid head- 

 piece. 



Egg. — " Very large; few ; soft; not so high as wide, strongly reticulate, with 

 elevated translucent lines crossing the surface asymmetrically, enclosing pentagonal 

 spaces, and bearing long, acute, often bifid spines at their intersection." (Doherty.) 



Seasonal Dimorphlsm.— This is known to occur in the species of our Limenitid 

 genera AuzaJria and Lehadea, also in the Athymid genera Tacorsna, Condochates, 

 Fantoporia, and Kironga, and in the Neptid genera Andrapana, Neptis, Bimhisara, 

 Stabrobates, liahinda, and Lasifjm. In the typical species of the two latter genera, 

 in addition to the ordinary seasonal differences, the male of the dry-season form has 

 the usual unglossed patch of scales on the upperside of the hindwing restricted to the 

 basal interspaces of the subcostals, being thus conspicuously isolated within the 

 middle area of the broad glossy costal border, whereas, in the male of the wet-season 

 form this unglossed patch pervades the interspace below the subcostal. 



Characteristics of Males in certain genera. — Tn the various species of our 

 Athymid genera we have found Androconia, or scent-scales in a very limited number, 

 only, to be present in the males of Tatisia Kamva, TJiarusia Jina, Ghendrana Pravira, 

 Atliyma Perius, Condochates opalina, in all the species of Pantoporia (Nefte, Cama, 

 etc.), Sabania, speciosa, Kironga Banga and A". Abiasa; Dr. Haase (Iris, 1883, 305) 

 records them as being present also in Balanga Kasa. These scent-scales are found 

 interspersed between the ordinary scales chiefly upon the basal area between the 

 median and submediau vein on the upperside of the fore wing ; they are extremely 

 minute, elongated, broadest and rounded anteriorly and finely ciliated in front, the 

 base on each side angled hindward into a fine projecting pointed-hook longer than the 

 basal shaft. These peculiar scent-scales were, however, not found to be j^rosent in 

 the allied Athymids Parathyma Sulpitia, Tacorsea Asiira, and Tacola Larymna, 

 neither were they found in the species of our Limenitid genera, which were carefully 

 examined for this purpose. 



In the males of our various genera of Nepfcids, the underside of the forewing has 

 a more or less broad glossy posterior border, which in some, i.e. Phsedyma, E,ahinda, 

 Lasippa, etc., encompasses an elongated patch of dark-coloured (? scent) scales ; and 

 on the upperside of the hindwing an ordinary more or less broad brilliantly- 

 glossed costal border, and in Phsedyma (Heliodora, Cram.), also a conspicuous less- 



