LARGE WHITE CABBAGE BUTTERFLY. 19 



Mustard by feeding on the pods left for seed, and, in the case 

 of Turnips, they feed on both the leaves and seed-pods. 



The eggs are bright yellow, and are laid in clusters beneath 

 the leaf. 



The caterpillars are greenish at first, afterwards bluish or 

 greenish above, yellow below, with a yellow line along the 

 back, and another showing more or less plainly along each 

 side ; they are spotted with black, and have tufts or a sprink- 

 ling of hairs. When full-fed they wander off to some protected 

 place, under old boards, beneath eaves, in open sheds, or the 

 like places, and there hang themselves up by their tails and 

 turn into chrysalids of a pale green colour spotted with black. 

 The butterfly comes out in about a fortnight from the mid- 

 summer brood of chrysalids, but not till the following spring 

 from the chrysalids that form in autumn. The fore wings of 

 the " Large White " Butterfly are white on the upper side, 

 with a broad black patch at the tip, more or less notched on 

 the inner side ; in the female there are also two black spots 

 in the middle of the wing, and a blackish splash at the hinder 

 margin ; the under side is white, with a yellow tip, and with 

 two black spots, both in the male and female. The hind 

 wings are white above, with a small black patch on the front 

 margin, and beneath they are of a dull palish yellow, speckled 

 with black. 



Prevention and Eemedies. — The habits of this species of 

 Cabbage Butterfly and of the " Small White " are so much 

 alike that the following methods of treatment are applicable 

 in either case, excepting with regard to destruction of the 

 eggs:— 



The " Large White " lays its eggs in clusters beneath the 

 leaves, and as soon as the Butterflies are noticeable, the eggs 

 should be looked for, and the pieces of leaf covered with them 

 torn off and destroyed. The eggs of the *' Small White " and 

 " Green- veined White " are laid singly, therefore this method 

 of treatment is not applicable. 



A most serviceable way to lessen the numbers of this pest — 

 and one easily managed — is to have the chrysalids searched 

 for and destroyed. 



It has been observed that the proportion of injury from 

 attack of Cabbage caterpillars is much larger to Cabbage 

 crops grown in gardens where there are plenty of protected 

 places, such as the caterpillar chooses for its change to the 

 chrysalis state, than to the crops growai in fields where such 

 shelter is not at hand. 



When the first brood of caterpillars are full-grown, and 

 have disappeared from the Cabbages in early summer, they 



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