GKEEN- VEINED WHITE ; CABBAGE FLY. 



25 



pale greenish white, or yellow and freckled, with each end 

 brown. 



Butterjiies. — The "Large White " usually measures about 

 two and a half to three inches in the spread of the wings ; the 

 two other kinds are only about two inches. With regard to 

 the markings, — in the " Large White " the patch at the tip of 

 the fore wings is much larger, blacker, and more regularly 

 notched on the inner side than it is in the " Small White " ; 

 also the males of the " Large White " have no spot (or rarely 

 have it) on the centre of the fore wings, whilst there is usually 

 one in the case of the " Small White." 



Each of the above may be easily known from the other 

 common kind — the "Green-veined White" — by not having 

 broad green veins on the under side of the hind wings. — 

 (J. C, J. F. S., and J. 0. W.) 



Cabbage Fly. 

 Root Fly. 

 Radish Fly. 



Anthovu/ia brassiccr, Bouche. 

 ,, radicum, Linu. 



,, Jioralis, Fallen. 



1, Lai'Vca of Anthomyla hrassica ; 2 and 3, pupae, nat. size and magnilied 

 4, A. radicum, magnified; 5, nat. size; 6 — 9, A. tuberosa, larva and ily, nat. size 

 and magnilied. 



There are certainly at least three different kinds of flies 

 which cause the attacks known as those of Cabbage, and 

 Turnip root maggots. These are so like both in the appear- 

 ance of the flies and maggots and the method of injury that it 

 is difficult to distinguish between them, and the bistory of the 

 Antlwmyia hrassicce which has been most fully recorded serves 

 as a guide to that of the three kinds.* 



* From specimens sent me during the prevalence of bad Cabbage root 

 maggot attack during 188.3, and previously, which were kindly identified for me 

 by Mr. E. H. Meade, of Bradford, the commonest kind appeared to be that 

 known as the Eadish Fly. — E. A. O. 



