12() 



nor, 



from the Aphis-eating birds, but the chief assistance is from 

 the Coccinellkhe, the beetles well known as "Ladybirds," 

 which feed (especially in the larval stage) voraciously on the 

 Aphides. 



Ladybirds and chrysalids : 1—4, 

 nat. length; 7, Coccinella hipu 



4, egg mag. ; larva and chrysalis, mag., and with 

 lata; 8, C. disjyar ; 9, C. seiJtcmjJunctata. 



The above figure shows the appearance of the slaty-grey 

 six-legged grubs (magnified, with line giving length when 

 full-grown). These grubs are prettily marked with scarlet 

 and yellow, and when full-fed, which is in about a fortnight 

 or three weeks, they hang themselves up by the tail, and turn 

 to a shiny black pupa or chrysalis, spotted down the back 

 with orange, from which the beetle (known as the " Lady- 

 bird") comes out in about another fortnight or three weeks. 

 The figures give the common red Ladybird, distinguishable 

 by its seven black spots, and also two smaller kinds. 



These should be by all means protected, and especially 

 when they appear in the vast swarms in which they frequently 

 follow on a special outbreak of Aphides, and in which to our 

 great injury they are liable to be swept up and destroyed, as 

 in the instance of their great appearance in 1869. 



Hop Cuckoo Fly, Frog Fly, or Jumper. 



EuacdHthus interruptus, Linu. 



Hop Cuckoo Fly is sometimes very troublesome in Hop- 

 gardens. In the summer of 1881 it was very injurious to 

 Hop-plants in various parts of Kent and Hants, and it was 

 very troublesome again near Alton, Hants, in 1883. It was 

 then reported (from near Alton) as having been observed in 

 that neighbourhood, sometimes slightly, sometimes to a very 

 serious extent, since 1876 inclusive. 



The figures (p. 127) show the perfect insect (magnified), and 

 also in its early stage, with its broad frog-like head (before the 



