HEART AND DART jrOTH. 205 



the grab to the surface so that the Books and Starlings can 

 pick them up. I fancy Eooks do not care much for them, if 

 they can get other food; but Starlings seem very fond of 

 them. I have a small patch of Mangold planted on the 

 ridge which we could not harrow, and, as it may be interest- 

 ing to you to see how the bulbs have been injured by this 

 creature, I have forwarded a specimen root, together with two 

 of the caterpillars." 



Well stirring the surface with hoes and drags has been 

 found to answer; also Pigs have been found to search busily for 

 the grubs, and if sent out (not too heavily ringed in the nose) 

 on land newly disturbed or then being turned, would lessen 

 infestation at little cost. 



Where land has been infested in autumn, it would certainly 

 do good to disturb the surface during winter to a depth which, 

 if it did not throw the grubs out, would let the alternate 

 effects of frost and wet go down to them. They will stand 

 any ordinary amount of cold in their self-chosen or formed 

 shelters, but if thrown on the surface in alternations of cold 

 and wet weather, this takes effect and has been found a sure 

 way of clearing out infestation. 



For Turnip Gall Weevil, see Cabbage and Turnip Gall 

 Weevil, p. 35. 



