340 TLUM. 



greyish or bluish mould, or of the down natural on some 

 kinds of Apple twigs. 



At this date — that is, on the 26th of March — the caterpilars, 

 from the eggs sent me by Mr. Garrood on the 11th, were 

 perfectly active, moving about characteristically in loops, or 

 placing themselves erect on their sucker-feet. The colour 

 was dingy green or grey ; heads black, thus agreeing specially 

 in this point with the observation of Dr. E. L. Taschenberg, 

 that after the first moult the caterpillars have black heads (as 

 well as a black spot on the nape of the neck). Thus, with 

 the guidance to identification given by Mr. Garrood' s 

 specimens, clearly known to be eggs laid in confinement by 

 isolated specimens of Winter Moths, we make the great step 

 onwards of being able to distinguish whether there is 

 infestation of this kind present on the boughs, and to prepare 

 accordingly. 



With the guidance given by these specimens, I examined 

 portions of the very large collection of egg-infested cuttings 

 from Pears above alluded to, kindly placed in my hands by 

 Mr. C. Lee Campbell, and found the eggs to be precisely 

 similar in every respect. The eye was similarly attracted by 

 the little bright or whitish mould-like spots, and (similarly) I 

 found empty egg-shells, and greenish eggs and some still 

 reddish. The eggs had similar inequalities on the surface, 

 and the little looper caterpillars were similar in appearance, 

 and, though hardly the sixteenth of an inch in length, were 

 when disturbed already able to spin a thread to attach them- 

 selves by. 



A few days later — on the 31st of March — I found many of 

 this collection of eggs were changed from the reddish colour to 

 a variable iridescent tint, grey or bluish, or occasionally 

 greenish, according as the light fell upon them. 



One of these eggs I punctured, and watched the caterpillar 

 emerge ; and this larva, and another that I watched in natural 

 process of emerging, appeared to me indistinguishable from 

 young Winter Moth caterpillars ; and at this date I found 

 many little caterpillars, apparently almost all little Winter 

 Moth grubs, on the paper on which I threw out the twigs, 

 these varying in tint, as is frequently the case with this 

 variable kind. Some were of different shades of greyish or 

 greenish grey and one little larva was almost black. 



This kind of caterpillar is described by Edw. Newman, in 

 his ' Brit. Moths,' as being very variable, sometimes green, 

 sometimes smoky brown, sometimes approaching to blackish. 



They not only are variable in colour one from another but 

 they also change in appearance after each moult. The 



