852 PLUM. 



hurting the leafage ; and for this purpose spraying with a 

 very weak mixture of Paris-green, when apphed according to 

 the plan which has now for many years been in regular use 

 in the United States and Canada, has been found, on thorough 

 trial given it during the spring months, to answer very well in 

 the Toddington Fruit-grounds and various other localities 

 mentioned further on. 



TJie use of Paris-grccn was first brought forward by Prof. 

 Ptiley (now Entomologist of the Department of Agriculture of 

 the United States of America), at the National Congress of 

 the United States in 1872, as a likely means of destroying the 

 " Cotton- worm " (the caterpillar of a moth which causes great 

 injury to the Cotton crops), and the results of trial fully 

 realised his expectations ; but the great success which brought 

 Paris-green before the American agricultural public, and gave 

 it a place as a serviceable insecticide, which it has held ever 

 since, was its effect, when other special measures failed, in 

 destroying the hordes of the Colorado Potato Beetle. 



Spraying with Paris-green : — On application being made, 

 early in the present year, to Mr. Fletcher, the Dominion 

 Entomologist of Canada, for advice regarding the best methods 

 of prevention of orchard insect-attack (as being thoroughly 

 acquainted both practically and scientifically with the extent 

 to which the use of Paris-green had been adopted both in 

 Canada and the United States), amongst other points of his 

 reply Mr. Fletcher mentioned : — " In this country we have a 

 moth with similar habits to your ' Winter Moth,' and decidedly 

 the most successful treatment has been spraying the trees 

 early in spring, when the young caterpillars are just hatched, 

 and again two weeks later on with a weak solution of Paris- 

 green." 



Again, in another part of the same letter, Mr. Fletcher 

 observed : — " With regard to the Winter Moths which have 

 been so injurious in England this year, I am under the 

 impression that the most satisfactory mode of treatment will 

 be to spray or dust the trees with some of the preparations of 

 arsenic. For my own part I prefer ' Paris-green,' as being of 

 more uniform strength than ' London-purple ' and other com- 

 pounds. The chief point to be guarded against is getting the 

 liquid too strong." 



For liquid appllccdioiiy the amount recommended for spray- 

 ing for Codlin Moth or young " looper " caterpillar is not 

 more than from 2 to 4 ozs. in 40 (forty) gallons of water, or ^ 

 to ^ oz. in a pail of water (4 gallons, E. A. 0.), to be applied 

 as a fine spray by means of a force-pumj). The foliage must 

 not be drenched, but the spray should only be allowed to fall 

 upon the trees until it begins to drop from the leaves. 



