ENTOMOLOGY. 



389 



Wings four, covered on both sides with fine " scales " 

 (whence the name of Lcpidopteva, from Lepis, a scale). Head 

 furnished with two large compound eyes, and sometimes with 

 ocelli ; horns various ; mouth with a proboscis. Body hairy, 

 or scaly. 



Yellow Undenving {Tryphana lyronuha) : 1, caterpillar; 2, pupa or 

 ''chrysalis" ; 3, Moth. 



The larvae, commonly called caterpillars, are nearly cylin- 

 drical, long, soft, and often variously coloured, spined, or 

 tubercled ; the head is scaly or horny, bearing eyes, jaws, and 

 a pair of short horns ; the three segments next to the head have 

 usually a pair of horny feet on each, and of the remaining 

 nine segments the tail and the four intermediate ones are 

 usually each furnished with a pair of sucker-feet or i^ro-legs. 

 These vary in number from four to ten, but the pair beneath 

 the tail is seldom missing. The caterpillar when about to 

 change usually spins a cocoon with thread from its mouth, or 

 buries itself, or in some way provides a place of safety ; it 



Large Cabbage Butterfly. 



then moults its skin for the last time, and a viscid moisture 

 exuding from the surface of the newly-exposed chrysalis 



