INrRODUCTORY. 35 



4. Use only the best mechanical appliances, such as pumps , 

 nozzles, etc. 



5. Make thorough appli(;ation in every respect the basis 

 upon which the work must be clone. 



The following cases are related from personal observation : 



1. A was advised to scrape his trees, put on bands, sew 

 them, etc., and was given full information how to proceed to 

 prevent the spread of the cocllin moth. 



Application. — He contracted to get his trees scraped for 

 three cents each — about forty per cent of what it should have 

 cost ; bands were placed on the trees, and during the four 

 months succeeding the fifteenth of May, they were partly 

 examined twice, instead of every seventh day. 



Result. — The crop of apples and j)ears was destroyed, as 

 heretofore. The remedies recommended were denounced by 

 A as worthless. The failure and loss of time and money were 

 caused by the negligent manner in which the work was done. 



2. B has an orchard infested by the scale insect, and is 

 recommended to wash his trees with a solution of one pound 

 of concentrated lye to each gallon of water used. He substi- 

 tuted two and a half gallons of water to each pound of the 

 lye. 



Result. — The scale insect was not destroyed. B was indig- 

 nant, and denounced the remedies recommended as an impo- 

 sition, but failed to state that he used two and a half gallons 

 of water instead of one gallon to each pound of lye used — 

 labor and money lost by not making application as directed. 



3. C was advised to use the concentrated lye solution, and 

 not to use coal oil of any kind. However, by advice of his 

 neighbor, he used a wash made of a low grade of coal oil. 



Result. — It proved an excellent insecticide, but killed the 

 trees. 



4. D's orchard was infested Iiy the San Jose scale {A. per- 

 niciosus). He procured material, the best to be found in the 

 market, and commenced a thorough warfare against the pests. 

 He succeeded admirably in his work, l)ut business matters 

 caused his absence for three or foui- days from the orchard. 

 On his return he found some of his trees scorched by the appli- 

 cation. On investigation he found that the liquid was taken 



