4 PREFACE. 



engaged in at tlic meetings of the State Horticultural Society, 

 the public was brought to a degree of appreciation of the dangers 

 threatening the fruit interests, and as a result, protective legis- 

 lation was had in March, 1881. 



In connection with the investigations made, the results of 

 which appear in this volume, I deem it not out of place to 

 state that I have been engaged in mechanical pursuits nearW 

 forty years. I became interested in the fruit box business, as 

 a manufacturer, through financial assistance extended me by 

 Mrs. Maky E. Gregokv, and tlie late Hexry Miller, both of 

 Sacramento. To the former, as a token of sincere acknowl- 

 edgment, this volume is respectfully dedicated. 



It is due that I should acknowledge my special indebtedness 

 to Professor Charles V. Riley, Entomologist of the United 

 States Department of Agriculture, for his kindness in affording 

 me the use of his valuable reports and works, and also for his 

 identifieation of specimens sent to him for that [turpose from 

 time to time. 



To Professor Cyrus Thomas, late State Entomologist of 

 Illinois, and at present connected with the Smithsonian Insti- 

 tution at Washington, D. C, for the use of bis valuable vol- 

 umes of reports, I am much indebted. 



To Professor .1. H. Comstock, late Entomologist of the United 

 States Department of Agriculture, and at present Professor of 

 Entomology in Cornell University, at Ithaca, New York, my 

 thanks are due for favors extended. 



To my respected friend, Professor C. II. Dwinelle, of the 

 State University, at Berkeley, California, my sincere thanks 

 are due for his kindly assistance and his many favors to me 

 during the period I have been engaged upon this work. 



I desire also to acknowledge the kind favors of R. R. Blow- 

 ers, Esq., of Woodland, California, extended during my in- 

 vestigation of grapevine and other insect pests. 



I have freely consulted, in the preparation of the volume 

 now presented, the reports of Drs. Le Barox and M'alsh. Illi- 

 nois ; Miss Eleaxor A. Ormerod, Consulting Entt)mologist to 

 the Royal Agricultural Society of England ; of Drs. Fitch 

 and Emmoxs, of New York ; Professor A. S. Packard's 

 "GriDE TO THE Sti'dy OF IxsECTs ;" Dr. Harris' "Insects In- 



