52 INTRODUCTORY. 



and pear trees in the .Spring is on the trees from one season to 

 another, I tliink is beyond question. 



There is also a species of fungus that attack the apricot, 

 giving it a speckled appearance and destroying its market 

 value. It is also noticed on the peach, nectarine and prune 

 this season, 1888. 



To destroy mildew, fungus, etc., on fruit and foliage of 

 apricot, peach, prune, nectarine and almond, use Remedies No. 

 5 or 7, one pound of the mixture to each one gallon of water. 



On apple, pear and quince, use Remedy No. 6, one pound to 

 each five quarts (1^ gallons) of water. 



Note. — The above remedies should be applied by spraying 

 the fruit and foliage as soon as the fruit is well set from the 

 blossom, or aliout the size of a small marble. The spraying 

 sliould be ivpeatcd in two weeks. 



CHAPTER XVII. 

 Birds — Beneficial and Injurious. 



It would be a very diliicult task for any person to ascertain 

 Avhat birds are injurious and which are beneficial. I do not 

 think there is any bird that is trhoUji injurious, because those 

 wliicli are usually regarded as being injurious, such as the 

 robin, l)hickV)ir(l, etc., are ])artially ])eneficial, since they some- 

 times feed u]ioii injui'ious insects. And it would be al)out as 

 ditricult to name a l)ird that is irJiolli/ beneficial; the swallows 

 are usually regarded as l)eneficial birds, and yet it is evident 

 tlial tbry destroy more beneficial insects tlian injurious ones, 

 since the former are mostly on the wing in tlie (hiytiiue, while 

 the latter fiy cliiefiy at night. The niglit-hawk and the whip- 

 pooi'will arc about the only liirds that van l)e regarded as l)eing 

 wholly l)eneficial. 



But, as any bird tliat feeds upon any ]iart of our cultivated 

 ])lants, shiaibs or trees, or in any manner injures or destroys 

 those animals which minister to our wants, is usually regarded 

 as being injurious, I will endeavor to classify our more com- 

 mon birds into three classes : tlie beni'ficial, the injurious, and 



