74 INSECTS INFESTING THE APPLE TREE. 



known to do, but remain active from the time they issue from 

 the eggs (Fig. 36e) until they die of old age, or some other 

 cause. 



A small species of Cicada is found in California, infesting 

 apple trees. The larva is about one inch in length, when full 

 grown ; the pupa is from seven to ten lines in length ; and 

 only finding a skeleton of the perfect insect, a correct descrip- 

 tion can not be given. Its natural history and habits are evi- 

 dently the same as the (7. septemdecim, excepting the time it 

 takes to mature the perfect insect, which at present can not be 

 stated reliably. They were found at Dutch Flat, in Placer 

 County, and are probably the Cicada novseboracensis. 



Since writing the above, I am informed that a specimen has 

 been taken at Anaheim, Los Angeles County. 



Remedies. — No. 25 and No. 28. 



CHAPTER XXIX. 



Canker Worms. (Cal.) 

 Order, Lepidoptera ; Family, Phal.enid.^. 



[Feeding upon the leaves of the apple, cherry, and various 

 other trees ; yellowish or dark colored span-worm, provided 

 with ten or twelve legs]. 



There are three specious of span-worms (geometers), which 

 are commonly called "Canker Worms." (The Spring Canker 

 Worm, Chapter XXXII. Anisoptcryx vernata — Peck; Paha- 

 crita vernata — Riley) ; the Fall Canker Worm, Chapter XXX. 

 Anisoptcryx pometaria — Harris; Anisoptcryx autumnata — 

 Packard) ; and the Yellow Canker Worm (Chapter XXXI. 

 Hihcrnia tiliaria — Harris). The females of these species are 

 wingless. 



NATURAL HISTORY. 



The eggs are deposited on the trees by the female moth. 

 A. pometaria and H. tiliaria deposit their eggs in the latter 

 part of December, and in January ; these are hatched about the 

 time the apple tree has ])ut forth its leaves. 



