76 



INSECTS INFESTING THE APPLE TREE. 



Pupa. — On entering the ground the caterpillar spins a cocoon 

 composed of silk, interwoven with particles of earth ; in this 

 cocoon it changes to a pujia (Fig. 37f/ and Fig. 38) in four or 

 five weeks, and in this state it remains until the Fall. 



Fig. 38.— Pupjc of Fall Canker Worms, 

 enlarged ; a, the male-; 6, female — color, 

 brown ; at the left of each is shown the 

 anal projection, as seen from below, en- 

 larged. 



(^C^-/- \r^ IMAGO, OR PERFECT INSECT. 



Toward the latter part of December, 

 or early in January, the perfect insects (Fig. 39, a and h), 

 emerge from the ground ; the wingless females (Fig 396) climb 

 up the trees and lodge upon the branches, where the}' deposit 

 their eggs in batches of from seventy-five to two hundred (Fig. 

 37c) ; they are placed side by side in regular roAvs, and can be 

 readily recogniized as belonging to this species, as they are flat 

 upon the top, and marked with a brown ring or circle (Fig. 37, 

 a and h). The eggs are generally deposited close to the bud, 

 or in a crotcli or ind'mt of some kind. 



Fig. 39.— Fall Canker- 

 worm Motlis ; o, the 

 male moth — color, 

 brownish-gray ; 6, the 

 female moth — color, 

 dark ash-gray ; c, several 

 joints of her antennas, 

 enlarged ; c/, a segment of her body, enlarged. 



Female Moth (Fig. 396) — color, dark ash-gray: l)0(ly and 

 legs smooth, and of a uniform color ; antennse over fifty jointed. 

 Male (Fig. 39a) — color, broAvnish gray — sometimes darker ; 

 the fore-Avings are crossed by two whitish bands ; the outer 

 band is suddenly bent inward near the fore edge of the wing, 

 forming a pale, quadrate spot ; in some these bands are Avant- 

 ing, but in such cases the pale spot is nearly ahvays present ; 

 expands one inch and three lines. 



Remedies.— No. 32. No. 10, or No. 89. (See Remedy No. 10.) 



Fig. 39. 



