104 



INSECTS INFESTING THE APPLE TREE. 



Fig. 80.— Codlin Moth; 

 a, an infsted apple ; 6, the 

 place where the larva enter- 

 ed the .same ; c, the larva — 

 color, whitish ; h, head and 

 fore part of the body of the 

 same — back view, enlarfred ; 

 «', the cocoon — color, wliit- 

 ish ; il, the pupa — color, 

 brown ; (/, the moth — colors, 

 light, dark gray and brown. 



If tlu- 8i)ring is warm 

 and favorable, the larvje 

 arc readv to assume the 



u 



pupa or chrysalis form by 



the tifteenth of April. The duration of the pupa or chrysalis 

 state depends on external circumstances ; if warm Spring 

 weather, the perfect insect may appear in from fifteen to 

 twenty days, and may be prolonged to twenty or thirty days. 

 The Spring of 1881 has proven an exception. I found Mada- 

 lene pears on the sixteenth of May in which the larvae had 

 matured and left ; also, on May seventh found a pear with 

 larva about eight days old. (This is about eighteen days 

 earlier than usual.) On the seventh of April, 1883, I found an 

 empty pupa case from which the moth had escaped. 



FIRST APPEAUAXCE OF THE MOTH. 



The moth generally appears from April 25th to the fifteenth 

 of May — a few in favorable locations by April fifteenth. The 

 time at which the eggs arrive at maturity apparently coincides 

 with the ends or terminations of the pupa or chrysalis state, 

 so that the sexes are ready to unite soon after transformation. 

 The moths produced by the hibernating larva) deposit their 

 eggs in the blossom end (or calyx) of the fruit, generally ; 

 possibly because they cannot puncture the epidermis (or skin) 

 of the young fruit. Later broods deposit their eggs on any 

 part of the fruit. The eggs are attached to the fruit by a pasty 

 substance. It is rare to find more than one egg on any apple, 

 pear, or quince, or more than one larva. The larva is hatched 



