INSECTS INFESTING THE GRAPE. 173 



Q. — Were the vines pruned each j^ear? A. — Yes. 



Q. — What was done with the cuttings or primings? A. — 

 Some of them were used for cuttings for planting, the balance 

 were hauled off the ground and burned. 



Q. — Has the ground been thoroughly cultivated each year? 

 A. — I believe so. 



Q. — And of course you gathered the crop of grapes each 

 year? A. — That is what I planted the vines for. 



Q. — Have you at any time during the last eight years used 

 any kind of fertilizers on your vineyard? A. — No. 



Q. — How did the yield of the vines planted fourteen years 

 ago or more, compare last year with those of four or five 

 years ago? A. — Five years ago I had a much larger yield on 

 the same vines. 



Q. — Did you notice any difference in the yield of the crops 

 of 1881 and 1882 of the vines planted, say seven years 

 ago? A. — The crops of 1882 were heavier; but that may be 

 attributed to a favorable season, as much at least as to the 

 increased age of the vine. 



My reasons for asking questions as indicated above, were this : 

 In 1880 I had formed an opinion that a remedy for the grape- 

 root louse could be found by fertilization, and so stated at a 

 meeting of the State Horticultural Society — that " The pres- 

 ence of the grape-root louse and the serious damage done by 

 it to the vine might, to a great extent, be attributed to the 

 weakly condition of the vine at the time it was attacked by 

 the pest, and which was probably caused by the vine being 

 deprived of some nutriment that it required, and which did 

 not then exist in the soil in which it was growing." At that 

 time some of the vine-growers took issue with me on that 

 opinion. In the month of September following the meeting of 

 the State Horticultural Society referred to, a meeting was held 

 of the " Phylloxera Congress," at Paris, France, at which the 

 President of the Congress, M. Henricy, expressed the follow- 

 ing opinion : " The phylloxera were but the result of the long 

 use and fatigue of the vine, and that they might get rid of 

 them by restoring health and vigor to the soil and plant." 



Fig. 152. — Grape-root Louse, highly magnified (the root- 

 inhabiting form); a, a healthy root; b, a root on which the 



