Crane-flies 19 c 
The spiracles are very large and conspicuous, black. In some specimens there 
are two black dots just above each spiracle and two somewhat similar dots 
below the spiracles and on the ventral lobes; of these markings the ventral 
dots are the most constant. Anal gills, four in numl)er, blunt, fleshy. 
Pup^. Male: Length, 18-23 mm.; dorso-ventral depth, 3-8-4 mm.; dextro- 
sinistral width, 3-2 mm. Female: Length: 23 mm.; depth and width 4 mm. 
Male. (PI. V, fig. 50) : Colouration brown, the abdomen more yellowish 
brown; the pleural membrane paler; the breathing-horns, appendages, and 
sheaths dark brown; spines on the abdomen black. 
Antennal bases situated on a high crest, elevated above the level of the 
breathing-horns. Pronotal breathing horns not conspicuous, short, directed 
slightly forwards and slightly divergent. On the pronotum a small knob 
just before the breathing horns; on the prsescutum two widely separated tubercles 
and just behind these but nearer the median line, two smaller tubercles, the 
space between these tubercles connected by a row of crenulations. Leg-sheaths 
reaching to the middle of the third abdominal segment; wing-sheaths reaching 
the base of the second abdominal segment. 
Abdominal tergites: segments 1 and 2 with a small tubercle on the caudal 
ring on either side of the median line; segment 3 with two tuliercles on either 
side, the inner one largest; segments 4 to 6 with three or four tubercles on either 
side, the inner one largest; segment 7 narrowed, with two lateral spines and two 
separated blunt tubercles; segment 8 narrowed, the lateral angles ending in 
powerful tubercles with sharp points. Pleural integument coarsely punctured, 
on the edge nearest the sternites with a single sharp spine on the caudal ring 
of segment 1 and on segment 7 and two, one on each ring of segments 2 to 6. 
Sternites armed with circlets of powerful spines on the caudal ring, on segment 
3 there being two, small and widely separated; on segments 4 to 7 there are 
four such spines, larger and rather approximated. Segment 9 rounded, 
indistinctly bifid, each side with a small, acute spine at the tip. 
Female. (PI. V, fig. 51) similar to the male above described, the sexual 
differences being as follows: Sheaths of the tergal valves of the ovipositor 
elongate, powerful, lying parallel to one another, transversely wrinkled; sheaths 
of the sternal valves of the ovipositor tiny, located at the apex of the eighth 
segment. 
Mr. Johansen has recently called my attention to the description and 
figures of the immature stages of this species by Dr. T. C. Nielsen.^ As there 
are some discrepancies between the descriptions and figures of the material 
from northeast Greenland and that from the Canadian Northwest, it is possible 
that more than one species is involved under the name of Tipula ardica. 
Stygeropis, possibly parrii (Kirby). 
Locahty: Melted ponds in the tundra at Demarcation point, Alaska, 
May 1914 (F. Johansen). 
Two smaller specimens measure as follows: length, 20 to 24 mm.; diameter, 
2-2 to 2-5 mm. 
A larger larva (No. 5a), length, 38 mm.; diameter, 3-7 mm. 
Form cylindrical, moderately elongated. Head-capsule with the antennae 
long and slender, from three to four times as long as thick, cyhndrical, yellowish. 
Chsetotaxy: Setae very weak and deHcate, on the thoracic segments being 
tiny lateral hairs. Abdominal tergites (PI. V, fig. 58) with no setae on the anterior 
ring; on the posterior ring with the following bristles: a small lateral bristle 
nearest the false suture; just before the caudal margin of the segment a more or 
less impressed line, at its outer end with two or three bristles arising from 
individual punctures; on either side of the reddish dorso-median vitta a prominent 
iThe Insects of the "Danmark" Expedition: Meddele'.ser oiii Gronland, vol. xliii, Copenhagen, 1910 
pp. 57-9, PI, vii, figs. 1-7. 
Vol. iii— 46963— 2^ 
