10k 
Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 
Order 
Orthoptera. . . . 
Neuropteroids. 
Lepidoptera. . 
Diptera , 
Coleoptera . . . . 
Hymenoptera. . 
Rhynchota. 
Family 
Acrididss. . . . 
Perlidfe . . . . 
Ephemeridse 
Megaloptera 
Trichoptera. 
Butterflies . . 
Motlis 
Sawflies 
Sees and wasps 
Parastic wasps 
'"^emiptera 
Homoptera 
Genus 
TTemerohius . 
All those with larva and pupa 
stages in fresh water and 
in the ground, except mos 
quitoes. 
All others and mosquitoes. 
Hibernate as 
Nymphs? 
Larva (Nymphs) 
Larva (Nymphs) 
Larva (Nymphs) 
-^arva (Pupa?) 
Larva, Pupa (P), Imago (?) 
Larva 
Larva (Pupa?) 
Imago. 
Larva, pupa, or Imago. 
Larva or pupa. 
A few queens. 
Larva? 
Nymphs? 
Nymphs? 
The three periods of each month under which insect hfe is described in the 
following pages must not be taken too literally; future investigations may 
extend considerably the period in which certain species are out, and also add 
species not yet found. Nor can observations on reared insects be considered 
to hold good for insects living under normal conditions. In the main, however, 
the data, given are correct, especially for the more common forms. 
Beginning of May, 1-10 
Early in May (1914) the weather was warm, the snow started to melt, and 
the shallow tundra ponds became free of ice. In these ponds various big 
dipterous larvae, especially tipuhds {Stygeropis sp., etc.), were found lying dead 
on the bottom or already actively boring in the soft mud. Dytiscid beetles, 
midge larvae, etc., are probably also present, but were not noticed until later in 
the month. 
The other hibernating insects, carabid beetles {Ptcrosticus mandibular is, P. 
agonns, Nebria sp.), lepidopterous larvae, collembola, flies, spiders, and mites are 
still found in plant tufts, under stones, and driftwood, etc., as during September 
and the winter, keeping immobile until exposed directly to the sun. 
Middle of May, 11-21 
Even now the hibernating insects are found immobile in their hiding places. 
The following typical instances are taken from the writer's field-journal: 
"May 12, 1914. Demarcation point, Alaska. "Found a full-grown 
Agrotid (?)-larva 31 cm. long stuck into a Dryas plant on the coastal 
tundra. The larva lay curled up between the leaves and twigs about 
i-inch below the surface and hidden by dead leaves. Below the larva 
the ground was completely frozen. When removed the larva moved very 
slowly; and when laid in a box only used its abdominal feet to take a 
grip. Later, when l)rought into the house, the larva hvened up com- 
pletely and began to crawl around. Efforts to rear it were unsuccess- 
ful. The day was calm and sunny; temperature from 9 degrees to 80 
degrees F. and higher on direct exposures." 
The first flies ot the year, three kinds, probably hibernating forms, were seen 
May 13, 1914, at Demarcation point (PI. Ill, fig. 2). The weather was still 
clear, but warmer (35 degrees F.) One species of the flies, Phormia terranovae, 
