18k; Canadian Arctic Expedition, 1913-18 
fly, which grows beneath the hide during winter. On the Ccipe Parry peninsuhi 
the coast begins to show outcrops of dolomite in the low chffs. (PI. VIII, 
fig. 1). 
The coast around Young point is exceedingly stony, with dolomite outcrops 
or low cliffs with much debris and gravel. Near the beach, vegetation is en- 
tirely absent, but, inland, mosses and lichens are developed, especially in moist 
places. Here and there a few tufts of Dry as integrifolia or Saxifraga tricuspidata 
are seen. Farther inland, vegetation is more apparent, mainl}- around ponds 
and in the connecting tundra. 
At Young point insect life was similar to but less rich than at Bernard 
harbour. On July 18, 1916, the weather Avas cloudy or overcast. The following 
insects, etc., were observed: — 
Diptera : Aedes nearcticus 
Rhamphoinyia coiiservativa 
Aricin borealis 
Bombns kirbyrUus 
(Mite) Bdella arctica 
Spiders (a few) 
Fairy shrimps (Branchinecta pahulosa) 
Vegetation and insect life in the cape Bexley area are exceedingly poor, 
probably very similar to Young point. A few specimens were collected 
here in May, 1915, viz., a small spider and fly from under a stone, and some 
midge larvse and small dipterou.s pupae among green algae at the beach. 
BERNARD HARBOUR — COCKBURN POINT AREA 
Generally speaking the coast becomes gradually lower from cape Bexley 
to east of Bernard harbour, and the outcrops of limestone or dolomite are first 
found some distance inland. At Codiburn point the coast is low and flat and 
composed of gravel, limestone fragments and boulders. The country inland 
is similar to that at Bernard harbour, with boulder-strewn ridges of sand and 
gravel running out from the higher land behind. The more eastern of two 
small islands (Pihumalerksiak of the Eskimos) about a mile off Cockburn point 
was visited in the middle of July, 1916, and some details about its natural 
features learned. The other island is quite similar. 
The island is about 12 feet above sea-level, and is composed of dolomitic 
limestone, which crops out as flat lieds on the north side of the island, but other- 
Avise the rock is mostly covered by gravel a"nd vegetation. The vegetation grows 
around small ponds (probabty all dried up in August), or moss-bogs, or around 
the boulders, and at the stone heaps (meat-caches) made by visiting Eskimos, 
where the plants often attain a luxuriant growth. Otherwise, only patches and 
tufts of plants are found here and there; generally speaking the vegetation is 
rather scarce and stunted, except in the shelter of the smaller cliffs. 
The entomological results were Umited to a small sawfly imago and the com- 
mon, white collembola under stones and driftwood. In the wet moss were 
secured other dark-blue collembola (Achorutes armatus) and some oligochaete 
worms (Mesenchytraeus, Henlea, Enchytraeus sp.), beside the mite Calumna 
lucens. There can, of course, be no doubt that at least the larger and more 
powerful flying insects often visit the island, or may even live there, but the 
inclement weather at the time of the expedition's visit militated against insect 
life. 
The character of the country at Bernard harbour proper (including Chantry 
island), is well shoAvn on the contour map prepared by the southern party of the 
expedition. 
