Insect Life on the Western Arctic Coast of America 21k 
The flowering period, generally speaking, is about one month for each species. 
A few observations relating to this matter, of such vital importance to the 
insects, are given: 
1915 
Middle of July. 
Salix anglorum; male catkins dropped. 
Eriphorum Scheuchzerij unripe fruits. , , . . 
End of July. 
Salix pulchra; male catkims dropped. 
Eriophorum angustifolium; unripe fruits. 
Beginning of August. 
Oxyria digyna; unripe fruits. 
Anemone parviflora (June 28; i.i shelter of boulders). 
Draha nivalis; unripe fruits. 
Middle of August. 
Dryas integrifolia; unripe fruits (a few flowers). 
Saxifraga oppositifolia; unripe fruits 
End of August. 
Androsace septentrionalis; unripe fruits. 
Junctis spp. ; unripe fruits. 
Carex spp. ; unripe fruits. 
Arctostaphylos alpinaj unripe fruits. 
Pedicularis lanata; unripe fruits (a few flowers). 
September 
Though most of the plants have finished their bloom, compositae and grasses 
are still in flower. If a severe frost comes, as in 1915, about the middle of the 
month, many of the plants will fail to ripen their seeds, but otherwise it is possible 
for the flowers of many of the species to finish the cycle. Besides the species 
given above as having finished their flowering during July and August, seeds of 
the following were collected during September, 1915. 
Various grasses (Ehnnus, Alopecwus, Poa, etc.) 
Cochlearia groenlandica 
Erigeron compositus 
Oxytropis nigrescens 
Taraxacum ceratophorum 
Pedicularis spp. 
Artemisia sp. 
Lychnis affinis 
Armeria vulgaris (Statice armeria) 
1916 
The first flowers of Saxifraga oppositifolia were found the last days of May 
on a south exposed, snow-free slope, and from Salix anglorum the catkins had 
just emerged. The earliest flowering plants {Saxifraga, Pedicularis, Anemone, 
Draha, Eriophorum, etc.) also had flower buds now (1916). On June 6, Salix 
pulchra had the male catkins of the size of a big pea. 
By the middle of June the first flowers, the male catkins, of Salix anglorum 
were out on Chantry island, an,d some days later, June 20, those of Salix pulchra. 
The first flowers of the following species were found : 
June 22-2S. 
Dryas integrifolia Lesquerella arctica 
Androsace Chamaejasme Draha alplna 
Pedicularis lanata Braya purpurascetis 
Oxyria digyna Eriophar^m Scheuchzert 
