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rated with a black plate, divided down the centre by a line of the same 

 colour as the body ; the back of the third segment is furnished with a 

 thin black plate, which is also divided in a similar manner to the mark- 

 ings on the back of the second segment ; the ventral surface is very 

 differently adorned to that of the dorsal, for although the second, third, 

 fourth, and fifth segments each possess a black plate, yet they all differ 

 in shape and size ; for instance, the second segment has an ac-like plate, 

 number three a somewhat oval shaped black spot, number four a circular 

 black dot, and number five a mere black speck only. The feet are en- 

 circled at the top and bottom with black, and the ventral surface of the 

 anal segment is nearly encircled with black. 



At the first moult the body becomes quite white and spotless, the 

 head and second segment having an especial hyaline look ; in a few hours 

 (during which the larva remains inactive and fasting) the whole of its 

 markings slowly re-appear, and are at first pale brown, but gradually 

 deepen in tone to. their original colour. After resuming its feeding for 

 a few days, it undergoes its second moult, and, on examining the back 

 of the third segment, we now almost miss the thin black interrupted 

 line, so prominent before this moult took place ; the part of the dorsal 

 vessel shewing through the back of the fifth segment is now of a dull 

 orange hue ; body white, having a greenish tinge imparted to it by the 

 sombre green-coloured fluid contained in the dorsal vessel. Each time 

 the larva moults it throws off its skin from the front, and entire. A 

 few days after the second moult it becomes full-fed. The " frass " lies 

 loose and dry in the mine, so much so, that when the mined leaf is tilted 

 up it becomes scattered about. 



When nearly full-fed the larva becomes so stout that its body 

 slightly dilates the upper part of its mine ; when quite full-fed it is 

 about six lines in length, and throws off its larval skin for the third 

 time. At this moult it casts aside for ever all the various sized black 

 markings which had previously decorated its body, and appears in the 

 new dress in which it is destined to remain for some nine or ten months 

 until the period of its pupation arrives ; its head and body white, mouth 

 pale brown, dorsal vessel green. It then sets to work at the construc- 

 tion of its winter abode, choosing for that purpose a portion of its 

 mine, and cutting out a circular piece from the upper cuticle, or, more 

 properly speaking, I should have said, it only partially does so, for at 

 short intervals, as it proceeds with its labours, we perceive that it leaves 

 certain portions of the upper surface uncut, which, to my mind, is in- 

 tended as a precautionary measure, the larva appearing to be quite 



