8 2 Lloyd's natural history. 



The genus, Chlosyne, Butler, includes several species found 

 in Mexico, Central America, and the northern parts of South 

 America, which form a transition from the genera allied to 

 Mclitaa to the genera allied to Vanessa. They measure from 

 an inch and a half to two inches across the wings, which 

 are usually of a brown or black colour, more or less varied or 

 spotted with yellow, white, or tawny above, and often with 

 red spots on the under side of the hind-wings. The fore- 

 wings are usually more or less produced at the tip, and the 

 hind-wings are rounded and dentated. 



GENUS ARASCHNIA. 

 Araschnia, Hubner, Verz. bek. Schmetterl., p. 37 (181 6). 

 Type, A. levana (Linn.). 



We have not been able to find space for figures of this genus, 

 but it is so well known, and of so interesting a type, that we 

 must not pass it over unnoticed. It contains a very few species 

 of small size, which are confined to Europe and Northern Asia. 

 The antennae have an oval club, the palpi are very hairy, and 

 the eyes are also hairy. The wings are denticulated, the fore- 

 wings triangular, slightly projecting at a third of their length 

 from the tip, and slightly concave from below this point to a 

 smaller projection, situated a little above the hinder angle; the 

 hind-wings are nearly square, with a slight projection at the 

 outer angle. 



There are two very distinct seasonal forms in each species 

 of this genus, viz., the spring brood, which is tawny with black 

 spots; and the summer brood, which is black with white 

 spots, which form an irregular band across the wings. Weis- 

 mann and other philosophical writers have written much on 

 the European species, as its seasonal dimorphism is con- 

 sidered to throw some light on problems connected with the 

 origin of species. 



