EUXANTHE. 1 87 



The species expand three or four inches across the wings, 

 which are broad, the fore-wings not much longer than the hind- 

 wings, and the latter more square than is usually the case in 

 Charaxes, with a strong tail at the outer angle. They are black, 

 with white or tawny markings, which may extend from the base 

 to the middle of the wing, followed by sub-marginal rows of 

 tawny spots, as in P. varanes (Cramer), or may consist of trans- 

 verse bands across both wings, varying in width. P. varanes 

 is common in most parts of Africa, and is described by Mr. 

 Trimen as less rapid in its flight than the typical species of 

 Charaxes, and as frequently descending to sport about trees 

 and bushes. It is also fond of the sap exuding from trunks of 

 trees. The pupa is remarkable for possessing two pairs of 

 small yellowish black-tipped tubercles on the anal pedicel, and 

 two on the ventral surface, close to the pedicel ; the head is 

 bifid. 



Another African genus included by many entomologists 

 with Charaxes is Monura, Mabille, which differs much more in 

 shape from typical Charaxes than does Palla. M. zingha 

 (Cramer) is a well-known West African Butterfly, expanding 

 about three inches. The fore-wings have the hind-margin 

 hardly concave, but the hind-wings are at first rounded and 

 dentated, and then curved outwards to form a broad lobe at 

 the anal angle, with a projecting tooth on the outer side. The 

 wings are black, broadly red at the base, with this colour run- 

 ning up nearly to the tip of the fore-wings. The wings are 

 black or buff beneath, with black spots at the base, blue spots 

 in the middle and towards the anal angle of the hind-wings, 

 and the hinder half of the fore-wings is red. 



The genus Euxanthe, Hiibner, which is confined to Africa 

 and Madagascar, has no very near allies, but is considered by 

 Schatz and Rober to be allied to Charaxes, which it resembles 

 in neuration, but not in shape. These Butterflies measure four 



