48 bbitish aphides. 



Legs very short. Wings rounded at the apex; cubitus 

 and stigma brownish ; membranes with three oblique 

 veins, the first and second oblique closely approximate 

 at their tips. Lower wings with a costal vein only. 

 The insect figured in my Plate contained eight " eggs " 

 of nearly the same size. Taken in September. 



Late in the autumn much smaller pupae and alate 

 individuals may often be traced in company with the 

 normally-developed winged insects. These diminutive 

 forms are a puzzle ; for they occur not unfrequently in 

 other genera of Aphis. They have been in other 

 species often, yet incorrectly, regarded as males ; but 

 Balbiani has shown that they are partially developed 

 females, which have somewhat an analogy with the 

 neuter workers of bees and ants. These pupa? of 

 Phylloxera punctata sometimes do not equal one quarter 

 the size of the usual kind. 



M. Lichtenstein has discovered the fact that, unlike 

 most, if not all, other Aphides, the parent of the 

 winged sexes is apterous instead of being furnished with 

 wings to transport the perfect sexes to suitable situa- 

 tions for oviposition. The same peculiarity obtains 

 in another species foreign to England, viz. Phylloxera 

 acanthocliermes i Kollar ; and if Phylloxera vastatrix 

 fails to produce alate forms in any country, the sexes 

 must here also develop from apterous insects. 



The male and female. PI. CXXXI, figs. 1, 2, 3. 



The insect which produces the perfect sexes of 

 Phylloxera punctata is (unlike that of other Aphides) 

 apterous. For this reason, amongst others, M. Lich- 

 tenstein, who has studied this insect during this pre- 

 sent summer of 1882, is inclined to remove the species 

 from Phylloxera, and to place it in another genus, 

 Aca/nthochermes, the " pupifer " of which he states to 

 have always this peculiarity. 



The sexes of P. punctata are very like those of P. 

 tjunriis and P. caatatrix. They are without rostra, 



