172 BUITISH APHIDES. 



fossil state are well furnished with eyes. Prof. Heer 

 points out that L. pectorosus stands in a near relation- 

 ship to L. quercus of Lin., which has a similar oak- 

 bark habitat. The fossil species doubtless lived on 

 one of the ancient oaks of Radoboj, and was visited 

 by the contemporaneous Formica occultata, an ant 

 nearly allied to the modern Formica fuliginosa, which 

 has a similar habit of sucking Aphidian sweets. Heer 

 says we know not only the fossil oak of Radoboj, 

 but also an ant which climbed up and down these 

 trees and extracted such quasi-honey. 



A long diagnosis of this fossil Aphis and a reference 

 to Kaltenbach are given by Heer, to whose work the 

 reader is referred, p. 124. I would suggest a nearer 

 approach of this insect to Dryobius roboris than to 

 Laclinus quercus. 



Lachnus (?). Plate CXXXII, fig. 11. 



Heer figures the fragment of yet another Aphis, 

 which might have some analogy (drawn principally 

 from the wavy form of the wing-veins) to Lachnus 

 viminalis, the great willow Aphis. As, however, the 

 abdomen is too crushed to show the characteristic large 

 dorsal tubercle it would be hazardous to say more 

 on this point. 



Pempiiigus (?) buesifex, Heer. Plate CXXXII, figs. 



12 a and b. 



There is no direct evidence yet forthcoming of tho 

 characters of the insect which caused the galls on the 

 leaf-stalks of the poplars growing at the period when 

 ilic GEningen beds were deposited. A fossil leaf, with a 

 borl ion of the pseudo-gall about the size of apea, leaves, 

 however, little doubt as to its haying been caused by 

 some kind of Pcmphigan Aphis. The leaf of this 



