160 BRITISH APHIDES. 



of such insects, though strongly suggestive, is not 

 conclusive as to the existence of Aphides in these 

 districts. However, Aphides have been noted in 

 Brazil by Lund, but I am ignorant of the species. 

 This locality is the only one south of the equator 

 where these insects are recorded as indigenous. 



Lachnus 'picece is one of the most northern insects 

 known, and is indifferent to very low temperatures. 

 It inhabits the forests of pine on the frozen tracts of 

 Northern Asia, having been taken near Lake Baikal 

 and the banks of the Amur. This insect also flourishes 

 on the snow margins, and close to the glaciers of 

 Switzerland. 



Dry obi us lives on the oaks of Croatia, as in Britain. 

 Edward Doubleday,* assisted by Haliday, described an 

 Asiatic Aphis which seems to have some connection with 

 the genus Pemphigus, since, amongst other characters, 

 it punctures a species of Rhus, and raises pseudo-galls, 

 which are valued by the Chinese for the tannin they 

 contain. 



A diagnosis is given by Doubleday, and also several 

 figures ; but as the winged form is at present unknown, 

 no certain genus can be assigned to the Aphis. This 

 same gall, or one very dike it, has been also described 

 by Walsh in America. 



Tropical heats are not well suited to the wants of an 

 insect family so dependent as Aphides are on succulent 

 food. Yet, as we approach climates made more 

 temperate through the elevation above the sea-level, 

 examples occur even but a few degrees above the 

 equatorial zone. 



Through the kindness of Mr. Octavius Greig, two 

 years ago, I received some insects from Kaladhungi, 

 which is situated in the North-west Provinces of 

 India. These proved to be Aphides. They were 

 taken by him from rose trees in the garden of Sir 

 Henry Ramsay in the month of October. These 



* E. Doubleday, " Am Aj.liis forming the Chinese Galls," 'Tram. 

 Pbarm. Soc.,' vol. vii, No. 7, p. 310, U I 



