XX INTRODUCTION. 



which represents the prize awarded to the winner at 

 the Pan-Athenaic Games for that year. On this vase 

 a letter was generally stamped, signifying the month 

 of the issue of the coin by the mint-master, who 

 placed his initials below. 



On the right side, or place of honour, the chief 

 magistrate for the year inscribed his name ; and on 

 the left side his two subordinates attached theirs. The 

 chief magistrate also was privileged to place his 

 private mark, symbol, or crest below his name. This 

 symbol might be a bee, the prow of a ship, a figure of 

 victory, &c. In the example here drawn Lysander 

 appears as the magistrate, and his symbol is a Tettix. 

 The names of the sub-magistrates, marked below on 

 the tetradrachm, are Glaukos and Nicanor. The upper 

 letters stand for A0ENA or A0ENE, for long after the 

 introduction of the long eta the archaic epsilon was 

 retained. The olive branch, partly circling the edge, 

 symbolises the richness of the country around Athens. 



The Tettiges on the two small pieces of bronze 

 money, figs. 4 and 6, also indicate the dates of the 

 latter. The Athenians looked with scorn on what we 

 vulgarly call "coppers" — hence, perhaps, the poor 

 execution and the defective stamping of these hemi- 

 drachms. 



Bibliographic Sketch of the chief Modern Authors 

 WHO have written on the Cicadin^. 



The first author of note who possesses any claim to 

 accuracy appears to be the before-noticed Thomas 

 Moufat, who in 1634 printed his 'Theatrum Insectorum 

 ad vivum expressis iconibus supra quingentis illus- 

 tratum.' 



This curious book is somewhat rare, therefore a 

 short account may be here given of the scope of his 

 work. He commences with a bibliographic list of 

 three hundred and ninety names, quoting from Moses 

 downwards, through Aristotle, to Galen and Linacre. 



