64 BRITISH CICADA. 



Brachelytrous male. General colour pale yellow. 

 Eyes brown. Pronotum with two faint brown spots. 

 Scutellum nearly twice the length of the pronotum. 

 Elytra half the length of the abdomen. Nervures 

 pale brown and punctured. Abdomen yellow and 

 somewhat ridged. Styles usually carried horizontally 

 (Edwards). Pygofer, viewed from behind, short-oval. 

 Opening thickened at the base. The lanceolate or 

 strap-shaped penis (?) is supported by two strong curved 

 styles, the points of which appear at the opening of 

 the pygofer. Above these, two blunt tooth-like pro- 

 cesses are attached to the anal tube, and thus point 

 downwards. The anal tube is round at the mouth, 

 and contains the usual Cauda or anal- style, which is 

 conical in form. 



Perhaps it will be well always to call this process 

 the Cauda to avoid confusion, for it obviously functions 

 the same as the cauda in Aphis. It has its presence 

 in almost every genus of that Family. The organ, 

 whatever its use may be, is identically significant in 

 in Cicadina and Aphis. 



The genitalia of Liburnia straminea and L. Reyi are 

 remarkable for their specialization ; and their details 

 are very complex. Attempts to explain how these 

 different apparatus subserve the design in view, pro- 

 bably at present would amount to little more than 

 guess-work, yet we may see, in the case of L. straminea, 

 that special muscles act on the styles so as to compress 

 them, much in the same manner as seen in a pair of 

 sheep-shears. (Vide fig. 2h.) 



I have no specimens oiLihurnia holdi, L. perspiciUata, 

 L. melanopachys, L. iusignis, nor of L. Dalei. Of the first, 

 L. holdi, Scott seems to have seen only the female. 

 Mr. Edwards, however, dissected out the styles of the 

 male, from which I afterwards made for him drawings. 

 Mr. James Hardy took one example of L. perspiciUata 

 on the Cheviot Hills in the month of October. I do 

 not know that others have been since recorded as 

 British. 



