loo LEPWOPTERA. 



subdorsal stripe ; a broad pale ochreons, waved and sometimes 

 interrupted, spiracular shade is margined above with hazel- 

 brown ; spiracles black ; usual raised dots whitish ; a con- 

 spicuous black or brown lateral dot is on the ninth and another 

 on the tenth segment in a line with the spiracles; above the 

 spiracular shade is a fine pale oclireous thread. Undersurface 

 of the i^rround colour, with a cons]iicuous pale central stripe 

 containing a grey line, darker at the incisions; l)etween this 

 stripe aiul the s])iracles is a waved pale ochreous line edged 

 externally with dark' brown. (C. Fenn.) 



July ; and on the t'ontinent a second generation in Sep- 

 tember ; on various species of bedstraw. especiall}' (luliina 

 mollugo and O. irnt/ii ; feeding at night. 



Pupa short and very stout ; head and eye-covers jtromiuent, 

 but limb-covers very closely appressed and but slenderly 

 ridged ; antenna-covers neatly cross-ribbed ; wing-covers 

 much swollen toward the back, and roughened all over with 

 minute stijipling ; all these portions very dull ; dorsal and 

 abdominal surfaces more glossy, very finely sculptured with 

 minute pits; each free segment having a smooth liand at its 

 hinder edge ; anal segment short, thick, and very blunt, pro- 

 vided with a short conical cremaster, which is armed with a 

 pair of hooked spines. General colour red-brown, the anal 

 extremity darker. In the ground in a soft cocoon of silk and 

 earth, and, Mr. Fenn states, usually attached to the under- 

 side of a stone. 



The winter is passed in this state. 



The moth is most frequently found in the thick hedgerows 

 of lanes, or in the borders of thickets and coppices, l)ut also 

 among scattered bushes and rank herbage on open downs. 

 Its favourite haunts are in chalk districts, and those limestone 

 districts especially which lie near the coast ; also in bushy 

 [ilaces on coast sandhills. Hero it is readily disturbed in 

 the davtime by the beating stick, and flies vigorously, often 

 over tlie tall bushes and small trees, to another shelter, but 



