1 64 LEPIDOPTERA. 



thirteenth segments, tliveacUike on the remainder ; spiracles 

 black, below them the sides are consjncuously reddish- 

 ochreous and paler; between the subdorsal line and the 

 spiracles is a waved pale thread ; undersurface brown, with a 

 broad pale ochreous central stripe enclosing a brown thread, 

 and edged with two more, between which and the spiracles is 

 usually a row of l)lack dots, otherwise a black stripe, much 

 interriqited ; in front of the first pair of prolegs is a con- 

 spicuous black dash. (Chas. Fenn.) 



Hnd of June, July, and a second generation late in August 

 and in September; on ground-ivy, groundsel, bedstraw, and 

 other low-growing plants, feeding at night. 



Vvi'k moderatc-ly stout, anal extremity pointed and termi- 

 nated by a sharp spike ; wing-cases projecting laterally ; 

 eyes prominent ; colour dark red-brown. In an oval cocoon 

 of silk and earth, on the surface of ground. (C. Fenn.) 



The moth hides during the day, like the last species, 

 among herbage, and in hedges and bushes, and frequents 

 lanes, roads, lields. and gardens, as well as woodlands. It 

 Hies at dusk, and will come later at night to a strong light. 

 Xot in my own experience so common as the last species, 

 but very widely distributed throughout England and Wales, 

 though local in Y'orkshire and very rare in Durham and 

 -Northumberland. Apparently restricted to ipiite the South 

 I 'f Scotland, very rare in iJerwickshire and not common at 

 Wigtown, but found in Ayrshire and elsewhere in Clydes- 

 dale. In Ireland generally distributed. 



Abroad there is some obscurity as to its range, doubtless 

 from its being looked upon as a variety of the last sjjecies ; 

 but it is rt-'corded in (Jermany, {'inland, and IJvonia, and 

 ])robably has a far wider range, since in North America it is 

 known to exist in New York State, and New England. 



The (juestion as to whether the present species is liistinct 

 from C. fcrriujaia, or only a variety thereof, has long been a 



