170 LEPIDOPTERA. 



greyish-white iutersected by a grey-'ji'own line. Female 

 very different; thorax and abdomen more creamy-wliite ; 

 lore wings also creamy-white; the basal markings only 

 faintly indicated; those of the middle pale fawn-colour or 

 light brown ; the outer bands reduced to light Ijrown lines, 

 Init the twin spots distinctly brown ; a dark brown streak 

 near them pointing into the apex of the wing, antl two 

 oblique brown streaks above it, from the costa. iliiid wings 

 nearly white. 



Underside of the fore wings shining smoky-umbreons, 

 the costal region rather blotched with yellowish-bi'own. 

 ]lind wings dirty white with a smoky-brown marginal band. 

 Of the female very much whiter, but the fore wings tinged 

 toward the costa with ochreous. 



Usually not very variable ; but in some hill ilistricts the 

 usual form disappears and is replaced by a race in whicli the 

 m;des are rather darker in colour and sharper in markings 

 and have the spaces between the bands whiter; but the 

 females are distinctly suwlh ,■ in size ; also having the ground 

 colour more or less clear white, the markings slender, 

 umbreous or grey-brown, sometimes diminished to little 

 more than two narrow stripes ; and altogether far more 

 variable than in the typical race. In the Shetland Isles 

 a further modification takes place, some of the males becom- 

 ing orange-brown, while the females vary into rich soft fawn- 

 colour and brownish-ochreons. In the typical iMce in the 

 south occasional aberrations occur; for instance. .Mr. fc^ydney 

 ^Vebb possesses a male in which the usual rijipled inter- 

 mediate lines liave totally disapjieared, while the usual bands 

 are shaded off on either side with black-trrev cloudintr ; and 

 another having almost black bands, and white interspaces; 

 while a female of the same race has a dull biown central 

 band. In the hill race one male in the same collection is 

 wholly smoky-black, smooth, shining, and devoid of markings, 

 a female is pure white, with but oiu- band and some neat 

 spots along the costa and near the apex ; another, not so 



