324 I.EPinOPTERA. 



often shaded a littlo with the same colour ou its outer side ; 

 second line of tlie same colour or darker, more distinct and 

 mora shaded in its inner side, erect, a little waved, and 

 throwiDsir out one or two blunt antjles above the middle ; all 

 these three lines ai-e faintly edped on one side by a slender 

 white thread ; central baud almost filled l)y five ri]>pled, 

 faint yellow-brown, transverse lines ; space beyond the 

 second line similarly occu]iied. all these lines ri])pled into 

 numei'ous crescents ; hind marginal space more or less 

 dusted with orange-brown, through which runs the very 

 obscure, rippled subterminal line of the yellow ground colour ; 

 extreme hind margin edged by an undulating brown line ; 

 cilia yellow. IJind wings broad, rich yellow or even orange- 

 yellow, rijjpled with successive but fainter transverse lines 

 of brownish crescents, that across the middle of the wing the 

 most distinct, rather angulated, and I'dged with white; hind 

 marfrinal region more fully tinged with orange; cilia yellow. 

 Female similar, often rather larger. 



Underside of the fnre wings yellow, tinged so far as the 

 second line with smoky-brown : this line is distinctly Iirown 

 and is followed by a Ijroad band of the paler ground colour ; 

 hind margin tinged with brown. Hind wings rich yellow. 

 with the rippled lines of the up])er sid'^ repeated. Hody and 

 legs yellow. 



Variation in this species almost always takes the form of 

 brown or black clouding along that side of the first and 

 second lines which lies within the central band, or along the 

 hind margin. This black or brown clouding is never definite 

 on its inner side, but is most present along the inner side of 

 the second line, and especially within its large projections. 

 It takes every ])0ssible gradation from this to having a pair 

 of broad clouded black stripes almost filling the central band 

 and accompanied by a brown shade along the hind margin. 

 These forms accompany the type, and I have seen them of 

 exceptional beauty even in a London garden: but they are 

 certainly more freipient on the coast, and in marshy spots, 



