— 222 — 



Ice, above and beneath, and the chrysah's ^j{ die latter. These are suffi- 

 ciently accurate to identify either or both as v mi/hs but not sufficiently 

 exact to serve to clearly illustrate the very minute differences on which 

 this species depends for its future life. 



Taking the above questions in their order, we first come to the very 

 remarkable statement that our author can find "no description of any 

 species o^ Agraulis from the West Indies." Such Fathers of our Science 

 as Linne, Fabricius and Cramer, credited vatii/Le to "America" in 

 general: and Linne quotes it as from Georgia and from Surinam. Bois- 

 duval and Leconte say : "It also inhabits the Antilles and nearly all o( 

 South America." Passing by the median ground of such authors as La 

 Sagra, Herrich-Schaefter, Geyer, Poey, et al, all of whom have referred 

 vajiilLe to the Antilles, we come to such recent writers as Bates, who in 

 his " Nymphalinai of the Amazon Valley", (Journal of Entomology, 

 No. 4, June 1864), sa\s of vanill(£ : "This well-known and very com- 

 mon species has the widest range of all the members of the Cahvnis and 

 Agraidis groups, being found throughout Brazil, and as far north as the 

 Southern States of Nurdi America, including the West Lidies. '' Fol- 

 lowing him, Butler, m his indispensible work on the Fabrician types in 

 the British Museum reiterates this wide extent of its range. In his "An- 

 notated Catalogue of the Diurnal Lepidoptera of the Island of Cuba," 

 Senor Don Juan Gundlach, (Papilio, Vol. I, pp. 1 1 i-i i 5, ) gives 7w;////u' 

 a place in the rich fauna of that island, where it is well known to col- 

 lectors to be not uncommon. And to end with Kirby, our author not- 

 withstanding, does give vanillcp, as occurring in the West Indies in the 

 very comprehensive habitat "Georgia ad Brazilian!." 



Inuring a residence of several }ears in East Tennessee Agraidis va- 

 ni/'he was observed h\ me to be one of the commonest species in diat 

 region and as it was one of the haidiesi it was raised by me in greater 

 numbers than any other buitcrlly. This experience taught tne that there 

 was a very considerable range of variation in the relative proportion of 

 darker scales which make up the spots and marks, and in the nacre 

 scales which beneath give it the silvery-spotted character. There was 

 also a considerable variation in the size and, I. now notice on looking 

 through some of this material, also a variation in the proportions of the 

 wmgs, the females inclining to greater robustness in this particular. 



Tabulating the differences pointed out by Mr. jNIaynard as distin- 

 guishing these two species we have the following : 



