Entoinol. Mitteilungen III, 1914, Nr. 7/8. 237 



one reaches the Hiinaiayan region. The third group, as he truiy remarks, 

 is the inost numerous. I woiild even go further and assert that the con- 

 neetion of the Formosan with the distinctivety Palaearctic fauna 

 of Japan proper, East Siberia, etc., is so slight as to be ahiiost negÜge- 

 abie. Naturally those species which are common to N. India and Japan 

 without noticeabie geographica! modifieation, such a.s Brahira arfemidora 

 Oberth., Asthena {Laciniodcs) plurüinearia Moore and many others, 

 may occur in Forniosa without throwing any hght on the zoogeo- 

 graphicai problems; but when we come to the case of differentiable 

 races (such as Erebomorpha fulguraria Walk.) or alHed species (such as 

 Nothorniza cosfaUs Moore and formosa Butl., Abraxas leopardina KoÜ. 

 and its Japanese relatives of the sißvata gvoxxp) the Formosan forms 

 invariably appear to favour the Indian. Probably when niore is known 

 of the Geometridae of Central and Southern China, intermediate loca- 

 lities will be discoverzil for many of the Indian species. Already aome 

 affinities are observable with the fauna of Hong Kong (as Heteralex 

 aspersa Warr.), Hainan (as Zandopera calidata Warr.), Chang Yang 

 (as Heteromiza obliquaria Leech), etc. 



The Sauter-coliection, consisting of 545 specimens, proves a very 

 important contribution . Including 12 from Japanese localities, but 

 nearly all essentially Indo-Australian in their character, there are 

 represented 162 species, distributed among the subfamilies as follows: 

 Oenochrominae, 6; Hemitheinae, 13; Acidaliinae, 23: Larentiinae, 35;(?eo- 

 metrinae {Boarmiinae), 85. To two worn specimens in difficult genera 

 {Pisoraca and Sauris) I have not venturei to assign names, and two or 

 three of the determinations at which I have arrived on inadequate or 

 defective material (as in Acidulia and Chlor oclystis) must be regarded 

 as provisional; but for the most part the material is in very satisfactory 

 condition and I have expended great care on its working-out. No 

 less than 96 of the species (mark3d*), or considerably over one-half, 

 appear to be hitherto unrecorded for Formosa, though it must be 

 added that Matsumura has includcd some Formosan species in his 

 ,,Thousand Insects of Japan" ( !) and as this work is in Japanese I may 

 have missed some records. Two of his species are mentioned in the 

 present paper, but as I have unfortunateiy only had a singie brief 

 o])]X)rtunity of looking at his figures I am unabie to give the deter- 

 mination of his Gnophos jormosana (Supp. 2, p. 1)(), 1. 25, f. !)) and one 

 or two others, aiid may have unavoidabiy neglected some 

 synonymy. 



The tj^pes of the 23 novelties which 1 am here describing are all 

 in Coli. Deutsch. Ent. Mus. 



