54 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



rushes on the moors near hy, is badly infested. Chermes, too, 

 escapes to a great extent, for neither Syrphid nor Coccinellid 

 larvae can get at it in its most destructive stages, and it can, 

 therefore, do enormous damage. It is easy to see that, if one 

 could introduce enemies of these creatures in the form of spiders 

 which would attack them in their most vulnerable stages, and 

 at a time when their destruction would be of most use, they 

 would soon be held in check. It has already been indicated in 

 what way Bolyphantes expunctus could be enlisted ; but, un- 

 fortunately, it only becomes adult in August and September, 

 and its use is limited to attacking Chermes. Possibly, as in the 

 case of Bolyphantes luteolus and B. alticeps, a few adults hybernate 

 and continue the work on Chermes in spring, but this does not 

 provide for the summer months. For effective work during 

 summer, therefore, it would be necessary to look out for spiders 

 adult or subadult then. These spiders would have to satisfy the 

 following conditions : — 



(1) They must be easily obtained. (2) They must be active 

 and adult when Coleophora laricella is in the adult state. 

 (3) Otherwise they should form an unbroken sequence to cope 

 with other pests during the season. (4) They should be of 

 arboreal habits. 



(To be continued.) 



A MONTH'S COLLECTING IN HUNGARY. 

 By Gerard H. Gurney, F.E.S. 



On Monday, May 13th, I left Ostend in the Orient Express 

 for Budapest for a month's collecting in Hungary. Previous 

 collectors who have visited Hungary have generally done so 

 well and found so many rare and interesting species there that I 

 felt, at any rate, I might reasonably hope for a certain amount 

 of success. It was therefore with great anticipations of good 

 things to come that I sped across Europe, my first entomological 

 observations beginning at the German frontier city of Passau, 

 where the train stopped for nearly an hour, and I saw several 

 apparently fresh specimens of Papilio podalirius sailing round 

 some flowering shrubs which grew on either side of the Place in 

 front of the cathedral. From Passau to Vienna the train runs 

 through somewhat uninteresting country, but after leaving the 

 latter city the surroundings become much more varied, with 

 vine-clad slopes running up to the lower spurs of the Little 

 Carpathians, and picturesque valleys which looked as though 

 they might prove to be good collecting ground. 



As an entomological centre Budapest is not at all a con- 

 venient spot, and it is only because several rare and local 



