86 LEPIDOPTERA. 



pale reddish-brown, mouth black ; body ochreous with a 

 reddish-brown tinge ; dorsal and subdorsal lines paler ; 

 spiracles black, conspicuous ; prolegs tipped with dark grey. 

 (Chas. Fenn.) 



June to August, in the interior of plants of Typlm latifolia 

 and T. angustifolia, also occasionally in Sparganium ramosum, 

 feeding on the pith of the flowering-stem, which frequently 

 is thereby prevented from shooting up. The most successful 

 method of obtaining larvEo or pupte is to examine those plants 

 in the large beds of Tgpha (reed-mace), which consist of 

 masses of leaves partially dead, whei^e no flower-stem has 

 been able to grow. Here more than one inhabitant has 

 usually been at work, and by cutting away the plant low 

 down may be secured. Larvae which are still feeding at the 

 time when a strong flower-stem has been thrown up by a 

 sound plant will often enter near its base and eat out large 

 passages, ejecting their excrement through holes made for 

 this purpose. The winter is passed in the egg state. 



Pupa elongated, dull ; head provided with a projection in 

 front ; anal extremity blunt ; colour dull red-brown ; leg and 

 antenna cases brown ; spiracles conspicuously darker brown. 

 Enclosed head downwards in a cocoon of silk and "frass" in 

 the larval tunnel in the central or flowering stem of the food 

 l^lant about one inch above the uppermost and largest lateral 

 hole. (C. Fenn.) Dr. Wheeler has, however, observed 

 instances in which it has been placed head upwards, even 

 though the head became thus tui-ned away from the hole of 

 exit, so that the moth actually could not escape when it 

 emerged from the pupa. 



The moth hides during the day among the dead lower leaves 

 of its food plant, to which it bears a most accurate resemblance. 

 At dusk it flies about the marshes, and sometimes to a con- 

 siderable distance from them, and comes occasionally to light, 

 but is not known to partake of sugar or any kind of food. 

 Found in suitable places, and sometimes abundantly, through- 



