TRIFID.E. 323 



segments tapering rapidly ; whole surface cliestnut-red and 

 very glossy, yet with the usual plentiful sculpture of incised 

 lines on the wing covers, and pitting on the abdominal 

 segments, but almost concealed by a dull purple or violet 

 bloom ; cremaster black, prominent, rough and knobby above, 

 hollowed beneath ; the two spines slender and curled. In a 

 sort of chamber formed by spinning together leaves on the 

 tree or on the ground, no regular cocoon being made, but a 

 tuft of silk spun upon the leaf, and the curled anal spines 

 twisted into it. 



The moth appears to rest during the day in elm-trees, 

 probably high up, since it is not often beaten out. At night 

 it is strongly attracted by light and will sometimes come 

 freely to sugar and to honeydew on leaves, but it seems 

 never to move very far from its beloved elms. Forty years 

 ago it was tolerably common in the outskirts of London, and 

 might easily be taken at the suburban gas-lamps, but so far 

 as I know has now moved farther into the country. Appa- 

 rently only among the common elm {Ubtuis cainjJcsh-is), but 

 to be found wherever this tree is plentiful in the southern 

 half of England, only rarely or locally in the Midland 

 Counties, and even reaching Yorkshire, but not recorded 

 north of Norfolk and Northamptonshire in the east, nor of 

 Herefordshire in the west ; neither is it known to occur in 

 Wales, nor Ireland. Abroad it ranges through Central 

 Europe, Northern Italy, Southern Spain, Armenia, and some 

 parts of Asia Minor. 



4. C. a£R.nis, L. — Expanse 1| to 1} inch. Fore wings 

 very short, blunt, almost squared ; pale or dark golden-broAvn, 

 or tawny-brown, with rather obscure white streaks from the 

 costa. Hind wings smoky-black with yellow cilia. 



Antennge of the male short, thick, simple, minutely 

 ciliated, red-brown ; palpi slender, blackish-brown, apical 

 joint long and pointed; eyes naked, brown; head smooth, 

 reddish-brown, dusted with darker ; thorax similar, with a 



