332 LEPIDOPTERA. 



I know not farther north. Sir Thomas Moncrieffe recx)rded 

 the capture of a specimen on a poplar trunk in Perthshire, 

 but it seems reasonable to suppose that he referred to the 

 last species. In Wales it has been taken at Swansea and 

 elsewhere in Glamorganshire and also in Carmarthenshire. 

 I find no record of its occurrence in Ireland. Abroad it has 

 a wide range through Central Europe, the temperate portions 

 of Northern Europe, Northern Italy, Southern Russia, the 

 mountain regions of Central Asia, and Japan. 



Genus 74. ORTHOSIA. 



Antenna ciliated ; eyes, naked, with front and back lashes ; 

 thorax slightly crested at the back ; abdomen of moderate 

 length, without crests ; fore wings elongated, pointed, rather 

 narrow at the base, hind margin minutely crenulated ; hind 

 wings rather small, cross-bar and vein 5 very faint. The 

 tufts of long scales which occupy and protect the spiracular 

 cavities of the abdomen are well developed. 



Larv^ rather velvety, marbled ; on shrubs or low-growing 

 plants. 



PuPiE subterranean. 



We have seven species, readily recognised : 



A . An oblique black wedge before the apex of the fore 



wings. 

 B . Fore wings variable in colour, hind wings white, with 



black spots. 0. lunosa. 

 B^. Fore wings tawny or buff, reniform stigma very narrow. 



0. pistacina. 

 B^. Fore wings purple-brown, costa black-spotted, reniform 



stigma normal. 0. litura. 

 A2. No oblique streak before the apex, a black spot in 



the reniform stigma. 

 C . Subterminal line conspicuously marked and straight. 



