TRIFID.E. 351 



red variation ; sometimes the hind wings have a paler tone 

 from the base to beyond the middle, in which case there is 

 usually a dark transvei'se band bounding this pale colouring, 

 and sometimes a grej^-white margin outside it. Rarely the 

 black spot in the base of the reniform stigma is quite 

 obsolete ; such a specimen has been taken in Cumberland by 

 Mr. G. B. Routledge. 



On the wing in September, October, and even November 

 in a mild autumn. 



Larva smooth, stout, cylindrical, slightly tapering in 

 front; head rounded, shining pale reddish-brown, mouth 

 dark brown ; general colour yellowish-brown reticulated with 

 darker; dorsal line whitish, forming an irregular series of 

 spots ; subdorsal lines whitish, indistinct ; the space between 

 them and the spiracular lines purplish-brown, darker than 

 the back, and strongly contrasting with the colour of the 

 upper edge of the spiracular, which is reddish-ochreous, 

 shading into dull pale greenish-grey on the undersurface and 

 reticulated with whitish ; second segment darker than the 

 body, with two white markings indicating the commence- 

 ment of the subdorsal lines ; the same repeated on the anal 

 segment ; spiracles black. (0. Fenn.) 



April to the beginning of June, on willow and sallow, 

 joining together the terminal leaves longitudinally, and hiding 

 in the chamber thus formed during the day ; feeding at night. 

 Occasionally also upon oak, but this is usually the species 

 which rewards the industrious collector when he is searching 

 for scarcer sallow-feeding larvic. 



The winter is passed in the egg-state. 



Pupa rather elongate, anal extremity with a single terminal 

 bristle ; reddish-mahogany colour. Subterranean, in a silken 

 cocoon, in which the larva lies for a considerable time before 

 assuming the pupa-state. (C. Fenn.) 



The moth hides during the day among dead leaves and 

 herbage ; at night it comes freely to sugar, ivy-bloom, ripe 



