154 LEPIDOPTERA. 



cell. Costal dots and streaks, on the contrarj-, are frequent 

 in this group, and a large dorsal spot hardly less so. Often 

 above the anal angle is a large ovoid or rounded blotch, con- 

 taining a rounded disk and black streaks. 



Larv^ with sixteen feet ; often very active, moving back- 

 wards and forwards with equal swiftness and facility. 



Pup^ rather stout, blunt in front ; in a slight cocoon, 

 frequently in the place where the larva has fed; pushed 

 out of the cocoon almost to full length on emergence of the 

 moth. 



Family 1. TORTRICID^. 



Fore wings broad, rather squared ; when closed usually 

 more or less bell-shaped, and placed flatly, the dorsal margins 

 coinciding; ocelloid patch absent. 



Genus 1. TORTRIX. 



Antenna3 rather thick, notched ; jialpi short and pointed ; 

 thorax rather rough ; fore wings of the male with a distinct 

 fold on the costa toward the base, costa beyond it ridged ; 

 nervures on the underside strongly thickened ; anal tuft 

 rather large. 



Colour and markings variable — tabulation therefore diffi- 

 cult and vague. 



A. Apex of the fore wings projecting. 



B. Fore wings dull red-brown or chestnut. T. podana. 

 B-. Fore wings rich velvety red-brown, reticulated. 



T. 2nceanci.. 



B^. Fore wings red-brown ; male with silvery frosting, 

 female with costal sijots. T. dccrctana. 



B^. Fore wings pale olive-brown, with velvety red-brown 

 markings. T. cmtcajana. 



&. Fore wings j-ellow-browu, with rich red-brown mark- 

 ings. T. xylosteana. 



