15S I.F.PIDOPTERA. 



to the apex with ricli orange-brown, and often latticeil with 

 fine brown lines. 



Variable in both sexes in the shade of brown of the fore 

 wings ; more especially so in London and some other large 

 towns, where a form having the fore wings almost uni- 

 colorous, black or purple-black in both sexes, has become 

 moderately common. 



On the wing in June and July. 



Larva three-fourths of nn inch long, stout but rather 

 attenuated at the hinder end ; hairs fine, rather long; colour 

 yellowish green, each segment more pea-green behind ; head 

 shining brown, with the jaws darker; dorsal plate black with 

 a white collar ; anal plate green. When younger more grey- 

 green, and having the raised dots black. 



May and June on hawthorn, blackthorn, oak, rose, apricot, 

 bramble and raspberry. Even on leaves 'of vine and flowers 

 of Azalea. Sorhagen states that it feeds on the leaves of 

 nearly all trees, including conifers. 



Pupa broad across the thorax, the organs closely applied, 

 but the antenna cases beaded ; glossy red-brown, the abdo- 

 minal portion rapidly tapering and much more dull, the 

 segments sharply ridged behind and edged with spines ; 

 cremaster elongated, flattened and furnished with curved 

 hooks. In a silken web between the leaves of its food- 

 plant. 



The moth hides during the day in hedges and bushes, as 

 well as in trees, and is readily disturbed. At early dusk it 

 flies swiftly of its own accord. The males have been observed 

 to assemble in numbers about a freshly emerged female. 



Common throughout England, and apparently in all parts 

 of Wales. In Scotland apparently of western distribution ; 

 recorded from Ayrshire, Lanark, Renfrew, and Arran, also 

 from Perthshire. In Ireland found in Cork County, Dublin, 

 Sligo, and Tyrone. Abroad it has an extensive distribution 



