igS LEPIDOPTERA. 



in the middle ; hind wings pale smoky brown, or smoky 

 white. 



Antennae leaden-yellow ; palpi, head and thorax light 

 ochreous-yellow ; abdomen dull smoky brown. Fore wings 

 short and rather broad, devoid of fold ; costa regularly arched ; 

 apex bluntly angulated ; colour dull yellow, crossed through- 

 out 'by obscure cloudy brownish-yellow lines ; two pairs of 

 red-brown lines arise on the costa, ordinarily unite and form 

 four loops and continuing as two yellow-umbreous or dull 

 brown clouds across the wing, either very faint and obscure 

 or well defined, or lost in a large blackish cloud ; hind 

 margin edged by a rusty leaden line ; cilia yellow. Hind 

 wings pale smoky brown, with brownish cilia. Female very 

 similar, but a little stouter. 



Variation is on the lines already given. The forms always 

 apparently occurring mixed together. The dark form is 

 called var. pJvmhana. 



Underside of the fore wings smoky brown, tinged with 

 yellow at the margins ; of hind wings smoky white. 



On the wing from June till August, and possibly in 

 Southern localities in a partial second generation in Sep- 

 tember. 



Larva pale green with black spots ; the sides yellowish ; 

 head and dorsal plate black, the latter paler in front. 

 (Wilkinson.) 



May on oak, hornbeam and maple, rolling the leaves. 



Pupa reddish-brown. In a dull white cocoon in the larval 



habitation. 



The moth is very abundant in the oak woods of the South 

 of England, and may be beaten out of the oaks quite freely 

 at any time, sometimes in clouds. It flies naturally at dusk. 

 To be found among oaks in lanes and roadsides as well as 

 ■woods throughout England and Wales, yet much less com- 

 monly in the north ; also in Scotland to Aberdeen, Perthshire, 



