276 LEPIDOPTERA. 



Underside of the fore wings pale leaden-brown, the margins 

 paler. Hind wings smoky white. 

 On the wing in June and July. 



Larva and food unknown or uncertain. Mr. A. Thurnall 

 reared a specimen of the moth from a pupa found spun up in 

 a composite flower, but found no evidence as to what the 

 larva had fed on. The late Mr. W. Weston stated that he 

 had " occasionally bred this species from pupte beaten from 

 whitethorn in May."' 



The moth especially frequents elm bushes growing in 

 hedges, and often is abundant in them ; also sometimes 

 common about blackthorn and other bushes. Easily beaten 

 out of a hedge, but not very active, settling again immedi- 

 ately in the hedge, or at its foot, and often conspicuously 

 visible. Common in such hedges in roads and lanes through- 

 out the South of England to Oxfordshire and in the Eastern 

 and Western counties, and often very plentiful ; apparently 

 not found in a large portion of the Midlands ; re-ap- 

 pearing in Staffordshire, Yorkshire, Lancashire, Cumberland, 

 Durham, and Northumberland ; and in Scotland in Ayr. 

 Renfrew, and Arran ; but I find no record in Wales. In 

 L-eland it has been taken in Dublin, Down, and Connemara. 

 In consequence of a confusion between this name and 

 albulana, Tr., its range abroad is not definitely known, but it 

 is said to be an inhabitant of South-central Europe and 

 of Bithynia. 



2. O. ulmana, Huh. — Expanse, male i inch, female | inch 

 (12-15 nun.). Fore wings rich shining brownish-black with 

 a creamy-white central band, divided in the male, broadly 

 complete in the female. 



Antennae of the male simple, ciliated, dark brown : palpi, 

 head, and thorax dark olive-brown ; abdomen black-brown. 

 Fore wings somewhat ovate ; costa arched ; apex bluntly 

 rounded ; glossy brownish-black, with faint yellow-brown 



