288 LEPIDOPTERA. 



perhaps of the food-plant, and fashions it into a rough cell 

 in which to hybernate ; attaching it to the stem of the 

 Bhamnus, or to some other firm object, and therein assuming 

 the pupa-state. The time of this last transformation appears 

 to be variable, but to occur sometime in the winter or spring. 

 Additional food-plants are said to be red currant {Ribcs 

 rubrum) ; snowberry {Syinphoricarp2ts racemosus), in the 

 berries ; and Dianthns carthusianorum, in the seed beads. 

 But a more interesting and extraordinary circumstance is 

 that on the Continent of Europe this species is notorious and 

 universally hated as a vine-pest, and, moreover, as occurring 

 in three generations in the year, the first brood of larvae 

 drawing together and feeding on the vine blossoms, the 

 second on the unripe grapes, and the third on the ripe grapes, 

 which they render disgusting by extruding excrement from 

 the berry. In this country, so far as I know, it has never 

 been known to attack the vine, neither has any instance of 

 its producing more than one brood in the season been 

 observed. Sorhagen gives, as additional food plants, the 

 flower shoots and berries of ivy, lilac, dogwood, guelder-rose, 

 maple, privet, and honeysuckle ; the first brood assuming 

 the pupa-state in a white cocoon in the flower spike, the 

 second generation on the bark of a branch or among the 

 bast with which it is tied up. 



Pupa apparently undescribed. 



The moth with us passes the day in the bushes of 

 Rhamnus frangula, and if beaten out or otherwise disturbed 

 flies vigorously away ; at sunset it buzzes about over the 

 bushes and settles upon the blossoms and is very easily 

 captured. An exceedingly local and somewhat rare species 

 in this country. My own captures and observations were 

 made in the woods around Haslemere, Surrey ; many years 

 later the confirmatory observations of Mr. W. H. B. Fletcher 

 in the New Forest, Hants ; other localities are in Kent, 

 Sussex, Dorset, in England, and in Wales Llantrissant, 



