LOZOPERID^—I.OZOPERA. 319 



Underside of the fore wings pale leaden-yellow with 

 yellow-white cilia. Hind wings smoky white. 

 On the wing in Jul}- and August. 



Larva of average stoutness, tapering to each extremity ; 

 head shining jet black ; second segment narrow, shining, 

 yellowish-white, bordered behind with two black dashes ; 

 body yellowish-white; spiracles darker, rather inconspicuous, 

 anal segment darker than the remainder of the bodj*; prolegs 

 black. (W. G. Sheldon.) 



August and Sejjtember in the seeds of wild parsnip 

 {Pastinaca sativa), eating out the interior of a seed, and 

 then passing to another and another, uniting all bj- a silken 

 tnbe. When full fed (usually before the end of September) 

 it leaves the seed-head, descends the stem, and burrows into 

 its substance, apparently gnawing its way down through the 

 pith without eating any portion thereof, making itself a 

 winter habitation in the pith, and remaining there till June, 

 when it assumes the pupa state, after preparing a hole in 

 the wall of the stem for emergence. From these holes the 

 empty pupa skins may be seen projecting after the moths 

 have escaped. 



The moth sits upon wild parsnip, either on the umbels or 

 the stems and leaves, and if shaken off flies quickly to 

 another plant ; but about sunset buzzes quietly about the 

 plants of its own accord. Like its food-plant, confined to 

 chalky or other calcareous soils, but with a special partiality 

 for chalk- Locally common in Kent, Sussex, Surrey, the 

 Isle of Wight, the Scilly Isles, Dorset, Wilts, Berks, Oxford- 

 shire, Cambs, Essex, Suffolk, Somerset, Gloucestershire, 

 Lancashire, and South Yorkshire. This seems to be the 

 limit of its range in these Islands. Abroad it is known to 

 occur on the coast of Germany, in Sicily, and in South Sweden. 



■>. L. francillana, Fah. ; francillonana, Iflsm. ; 

 flagellana, H.-S. {non-Dup.'). — Expanse j; inch (15 mm.) 



