PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND ENTOMOLOGICAL MEETING 185 
Pyrilla perpusilla [l.c., p. 494, fig. 8381] sometimes occurs on juar 
in some numbers but is rarely of any great importance on this crop. 
It is found chiefly in Southern India. 
Pyrilla aberrans occurs in Central and Northern India on juar much 
in the same way as perpusilla. It is fully dealt with in a Memoir by 
Mr. Misra, now in the press, so I need not say any more about it now. 
Pundaluoya simplicia [l.c., p. 494, fig. 382] is an important pest 
of cholam especially in Madras. It occurs probably all over India, 
although we have few records, and is very widely distributed outside of 
India also, being known from South Nigeria, the Seychelles and Hawaii. 
It is probably identical with maidis, Ashmead, described from the 
Southern United States and is also perhaps the same as Liburnia psyl- 
loides, Leth. [Indian Museum Notes, U1, 105, fig.]. The life-history is 
briefly described in “ South Indian Insects’ and, as noted there, the 
attack is usually localized in patches, the attacked plants assuming 
an unhealthy yellow appearance. The drain of plant-juice, when this 
insect is present in numbers, must be very great and the result is that 
practically no grain is formed when the attack is bad. 
As regards control, as I have said already in my book, this is very 
difficult, as the insects live protected inside leaf-sheaths. It is therefore 
practically impossible to get at them. They are usually attended by 
ants and one line of attack might deal with these ants’ nests. Beyond 
that, I can suggest nothing beyond cutting the affected plants for use 
as green fodder. These plants are usually conspicuous and localized 
and in any case will not produce much in the way of grain, so_ their 
removal is indicated. 
Pundaluoya is very serious on cholam at Coimbatore. The bug is Mr. Ramakrishna 
found in all its stages on the affected plants. The attack resembles Ayyar. 
an Aphid attack in its effects but these are more serious. 
At Nagpur Pundaluoya simplicia occurred in one year in the Botanical Mr. Khare. 
area. 
At Pusa Pundaluoya simplicia occurs on juar every year but has Mr. Ghosh. 
never been found doing serious damage. 
An Aphid, supposed to be Aphis adusta, occurs on juar, usually on Mr. Fletcher. 
individual plants which may be covered with this Aphid; but whole 
areas as such do not seem to be affected. So we cannot consider this 
as a very serious pest. 
A Mite, or perhaps Mites of more than one species, occurs abundantly 
on juar in Madras and may do considerable damage. It is preyed on 
by a minute Coccinellid which devotes its attention to devouring the 
Mite’s eggs and so checking its increase. Practically all the leaves in a 
