Mr. Ghosh. 
242 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND ENTOMOLOGICAL MEETING 
such as the non-occurrence of Peach-flies in the Peshawar valley during 
June and July. 
We come now to the question of control measures. Speaking gene- 
rally, the fruits are attacked when about half or two-thirds grown and 
the maggots mature as the fruit mpens ; when full-grown they drop to 
the ground and wriggle and skip about until they find a su‘table place, 
when they burrow in and pupate. Generally the puparia remain in the 
ground over the wnter, emerging next year when the young peach 
fruits are ready for attack ; but it is possible that in some cases they 
may lie over for two or more years. 
A great deal of work has been done all over the World on the control 
of Fruitflies and the methods adopted are mainly three in number, (1) 
attraction and poisoning of adult flies, (2) employment of natural para- 
sites and (3) destruction of larvee in attacked fruit. As regards these: 
the first is probab'y the best but it requires foresight in its application 
and for its successful use we must know when the flies are about and 
ovipositing and catch them then before they have had an opportunity 
of doing damage ; for it is of very little use, in the case of the present 
year's crop, to start killing off the flies once the eggs are laid. If, how- 
ever, we know that fruits, such as peaches, are likely to be attacked and 
if we know the habits of the fly pest in the loca’ity concerned, we can 
apply a bait to catch and kill the female files as soon as they have emerged 
from their puparia and before they have had time to oviposit on the 
trees. The bait used is generally a mixture of sugar and water with a 
little Lead Arsenate and it is sprayed onto the leaves of the trees con- 
cerned so that it falls in little droplets which may be sucked up by 
the female fruitfies when they visit the tree to look for fruit in which 
to oviposit. We made some experiments at Pusa, in the Insectary, to 
find what was the best strength to use and whether it was possible to 
employ Lead Chromate instead of the more poisonous Lead Arsenate ; 
the results were briefly reported in our Report for last year and 
Mr. Ghosh will give you some further details now. 
Parallel experiments with several species of Chewiodacus were carried 
out, batches of flies beng confined in muslin cages and supplied with 
sponges dipped in (1) water, (2) gur solution, 24 Ib. in four gallons water, 
(3) Lead Arsenate (Thomsen Chemical Co.) with gur solution, (4) Lead. 
Arsenate (D. Waldie) with gur solution, (5) Lead Chromate with gur 
solution, and (6) some flies were kept without any food or water. Those 
kept without any food and those fed with water only, died within two 
days. Those supplied with gur solution lived for periods varying from 
one to two-and-a-half months. Different strengths of Lead Arsenate, 
from 5 to 3 ounces in four gallons of gur solution, were used in experi- 
