12 



NORTir AMERICAN FAl'XA. 



Brewer Creek Canyon in tlie upper part of tlie wliite-bark pines. Find- 

 ing; absolutely no grass or other feed for the animals liere, we crossed 

 the canyon lower down (a little below the forks) and continued on 

 over rough lava ridges in the ui)per edge of the foiost until dark, 

 when we camped on Inconstance C'reek (hg. 3). The third day we pushed 







Fici. 3. — Shasta from Incoustiiiice Creek, near tiiiilicrliiu^ on uortli side. 



on around the north end of the mountain, keeping a little below the 

 great glaciers, and in the main near timberliue. We climbed over a 

 nund^er of lava ridges, availed ourselves of a natural passageway 

 ('ISTorth Gate') at the upper end of a pair of coTisi)icuous lava buttes, 

 traversed a curious pumice plain covered with timberliue nuits of 

 prostrate white-bark pines (fig. 22), crossed the fearful canyons of Whit- 

 ney and Bolam creeks, and finally reached Shastina, M'here, after a very 

 severe day, we camped on some small streams of snow water on the 

 north side (fig. 4). The fourth morning we clind)ed the rough slide rock 

 of Sliastina to an altitude onO,()00 i'vv\^ in order to get around a high 

 impassable lava ridge, and then, after encircling a great amphitlieater 

 of rough slide rock, descended by some iminense masses of perpetual 

 snow to the white-bark ])ines, in which we continued fo the great can- 

 yon on the west side of Sliastina ([>1. ii), wliich I named DiUcr ('anyon, 

 in honor of J. S. Diller of the IJ. S. (Geological Survey, in recognition of 

 his admirable researches on the geology of Shasta. After crossing 

 Diller ('auyou we ke{)t in tlie upper i)artof the Shasfa fir forest all the 

 way to Tanther Creek, wliich we Ibllowcd down to Wagon Camp. This 



